Effects of I-131 therapy on gonads and pregnancy outcome in patients with thyroid cancer

Adverse effects of radioactive iodine-131 treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinoma

“…Spermatogenesis may recover in 20-48 months, but it is not always reversible [9,15,[68][69][70]. The study by Smith et al [71] on the long-term probability of infertility from doses up to 9.25 GBq (250 mCi) showed that the risks for infertility or birth defects were not different from those of the general population.…”

The preliminary clinical observation and analysis of childbearingage women with a history of iodine-131 treatment for Graves' disease

“…Female gonads may be affected during iodine-131 therapy from circulating radioiodine in the blood, as well as radiation from the bladder and bowel sequestration during and for a few days post therapy. Therefore, patients are instructed to drink large amounts of fluids and use laxatives if constipated in order to avoid unnecessary radiation to the ovaries (18).…”

Female sex hormones and differentiated thyroid carcinoma

“…In summary, we can say that all the cited papers of Sioka et al [2,3] and of Przybylik-Mazurek et al [1] were complementary, but did not refer to the same aspects of DTC.…”

“…In general, transient amenorrhea or menstrual cycle irregularities, can be expected in approximately 30% in patients who receive standard therapy for DTC that resolve within 1 year. However, sometimes the risk of gonadal dysfunction may persist after administration of repeated or high doses of I-131 [3].…”