Effects of hypochlorite treatment on the surface morphology and mechanical properties of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes

Permeability and chemical analysis of aromatic polyamide based membranes exposed to sodium hypochlorite

“…No chlorine was detected on the PSu layer, while chlorine was present on the polyamide layer of the same membrane using XPS (results not shown). Furthermore, known IR band modifications, namely the appearance of a peak at 1034 cm −1 assigned to the formation of sulfonic acid due to chain scission of the PSu backbone [47,48], were not observed.…”

Degradation of polymeric membranes in water and wastewater treatment

“…22 Yadav et al (2009) suggested a revision to this reaction path since the end product sodium sulfonate is likely to be an unstable compound. Moreover, uptake of chlorine by the membrane surface, evidenced from the surface characterisation techniques could be explained by this mechanism.…”

Influence of PVP content on degradation of PES/PVP membranes: Insights from characterization of membranes with controlled composition

“…Several studies pointed out the occurrence of a PES-chain scission mechanism [2,3,10,13,14,21,22]. For PES (MW = 30,000 g mol -1 ) dense films containing small amounts of polyetherethersulfone (PEES), PES-chain scissions were observed after long term ageing (8 months) in 28,500 ppm total free chlorine (TFC) NaOCl solutions at pH 9 and 12 [23,24].…”