Effects of hydroxyzine–midazolam premedication on sevoflurane-induced paediatric emergence agitation

Abstract

The incidence of sevoflurane-induced emergence agitation was significantly lower in children premedicated with a midazolam and hydroxyzine combination compared to those premedicated with midazolam only. Furthermore, the midazolam and hydroxyzine combination provided better premedication quality than midazolam alone.

Dexmedetomidine reduces emergence agitation after tonsillectomy in children by sevoflurane anesthesia: A case-control study

“…25% children displayed the emergence agitation in Placebo group, suggesting that the adopting midazolam and propofol as anesthetics during induction cannot decrease the ratio of emergence agitation after tonsillectomy in children. In our research, the incidence of early, short-lived increase emergence agitation is higher than some studies [20][21][22], we conjecture it was concerned with the deficiency of companion with their parents when they recovered from anesthesia [18,23].…”

“…We adopt an agitation scale which constructed by B. Craig Weldon [14]. Previous studies have reported an increased incidence of emergence agitation with sevoflurane [20][21][22]27]. These studies are difficult to compare because of their different methodologies, children undergoing a variety of procedures and preoperative sedation.…”

Electrical stimulation of the heart 7 acupuncture site for preventing emergence agitation in children

“…The child's preoperative behaviour was then briefly evaluated by an attending anaesthesiologist via the following four-point scale: 1. crying, needs restraint; 2. moderate fear and reassured with difficulty; 3. slight fear, but reassured easily and 4. asleep, calm or awake, cooperative and accepting a face mask. 12 Anaesthesia was induced by inhalation of 8% sevoflurane with 4 l min À1 nitrous oxide and 2 l min À1 oxygen via a facemask, with monitoring of inhaled and exhaled sevoflurane concentrations. After loss of consciousness, nitrous oxide was discontinued and the inspired concentration of sevoflurane was reduced to 5% in 100% oxygen and an intravenous cannula was inserted.…”

Caudal Anesthesia: Experience in the Post-Operative Analgesia in Pediatric Ambulatory Surgery at the University Hospital of Treichville

“…The use of midazolam in premedication has also reduced the incidence of the onset of the emergence delirium. These agitations are frequently observed during the use of sevoflurane in anesthesia in the child [18] [19].…”