Effects of hydromorphone or oxymorphone, with or without acepromazine, on preanesthetic sedation, physiologic values, and histamine release in dogs

Abstract

Hydromorphone is comparable to oxymorphone for preanesthetic sedation in dogs. Sedation is enhanced by acepromazine. Neither hydromorphone nor oxymorphone caused an increase in plasma histamine concentration.

Comparison of the sedative effects of morphine, meperidine or fentanyl, in combination with acepromazine, in dogs

“…However, in dogs, the respiratory depression caused by opioids does not seem to be a concern in healthy animals unless these drugs are administered in combination with injectable or inhalational anesthetics (WAGNER, 2002). Results of the present investigation agree with previous authors who did not report the occurrence of respiratory depression, cyanosis or apnea after administration of ACP-opioid combinations (SMITH et al, 2001;MONTEIRO et al, 2008;MONTEIRO et al, 2009). …”

“…The adverse effects observed in this study were considered to be of mild to moderate intensity and are characteristic and similar to those reported in previous studies after administration of ACP-opioid combinations (SMITH et al, 2001;MONTEIRO et al, 2008;MONTEIRO et al, 2009). The duration, but not the severity of adverse effects, appeared to be greater in dogs given morphine than in other treatments.…”

“…The present study showed that doubling the dose of ACP (from 0.05 to 0.10mg kg -1 ), in combination with the same dose of morphine (0.5mg kg -1 ), did not improve the degree of sedation. The combination of ACP with opioids results in greater sedation than that produced by either agent alone (SMITH et al, 2001;MONTEIRO et al, 2008). However, the degree of sedation may vary according to the opioid used in the combination (MONTEIRO et al, 2009).…”

“…Therefore, these drugs are generally administered in combination with opioid analgesics, and this combination has been named neuroleptanalgesia. When phenothiazine-opioid combinations are used, synergism seems to occur and sedation and analgesia appears to be greater with the combination than when each drug is administered alone (SMITH et al, 2001;MONTEIRO et al, 2008;MONTEIRO et al, 2009).…”

A comparison of the effects of hydromorphone HCl and a novel extended release hydromorphone on arterial blood gas values in conscious healthy dogs

“…Overall, the degree of hypercapnia and hypoxemia observed in dogs that received LEH was comparable to that observed with hydromorphone HCl, a drug that has already been deemed safe and is very popular in veterinary medicine for pain management and preanesthetic sedation in dogs (Pettifer and Dyson, 2000; Smith et al, 2001). While there were some statistically significant differences at some time points between placebo-treated dogs and the 2 groups that received either hydromorphone HCl or LEH, values for P a CO 2 , P a O 2 , and pH remained within normal limits (Table 1).…”