Effects of honey in the management of alveolar osteitis: A study

Abstract

Introduction:Alveolar osteitis (AO) is a complication of tooth extraction which indicates inflammation of alveolar bone of either maxilla or mandible. This study uses Apitherapy where honey catalyses biological reactions to improve immune system, makes local environment unbearable for microorganisms in the affected socket and enhances healing.Materials and Methods:50 patients of AO were included in the study. After cleansing of the affected socket, honey dressing was applied. Dressings were changed daily for first 2 days and then altenatively. In biochemical investigations, CRP levels in the body were measured using Nephelometry method. Microbiological examination was done for the identification of microorganism and semi quantitative count of colony forming units.Result:Results were assessed from clinical, microbiological, biochemical and radiological findings at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th day based on VAS score, erythema, pus discharge, swelling, lymphadenitis, fever, bleeding on probing, exposed bone and necrotic debris. Pre-Treatment CRP was 2.08 ± 1.62 which significantly (P = 0.0001) decreased to 0.82 ± 0.48. Mean change and average percentage change were 1.25 ± 1.51 and 44.1% respectively.Conclusion:Majority of the patients with exposed bone got healed socket with evidance of granulation tissue and healing gingiva in about one week. CRP levels at the completion of treatment of AO with honey dressing showed a significant decrease from the pre-treatment values indicating fast recovery. Microbiological examination showed presence of normal commensal flora at AO sites like Streptococcus, Staphyloccocus and Enterococcus. So, the role of bacteria in the genesis of AO, if any, appears unclear.

Completeness of Electronic Dental Records in a Student Clinic: Retrospective Analysis

“…Radiating pain toward the ear was present in 56% (30/54) of the cases in the literature [22], but was mentioned only in 7% (24/296) of our cases (documentation of radiating pain alone was included in this number, as we did not require ear or side of face to be documented). Lymphadenopathy [22] was present in 9% (5/54) of the cases in the literature [23], but in only 1% (3/296) of our cases. Inflammation was present in 50% (27/54) of the cases in the literature [22]; however, in the dental record, only 14% (42/296) of cases mentioned inflammation and 15% (44/296) (with some overlap with inflammation cases) mentioned erythema.…”

“…The clinical notes only contained pain as a symptom in 94% (279/296) of the cases. Bare bone [23], open socket [25], or missing blood clot [26] was mentioned in 74% (35/47) to 100% (329/329) of the dry socket cases. In our clinic, any of these related terms were mentioned in 27% (80/296) of cases.…”

The influence of intra-alveolar application of honey versus Chlorhexidine rinse on the incidence of Alveolar Osteitis following molar teeth extraction. A randomized clinical parallel trial

“…They found significant reduction in pain, inflammation, hyperemia, edema, and exudation after honey dressing. In the same way, Soni et al (22) found significant decrease in pain, erythema, and swelling after applying honey dressing in 50 cases of AO.…”

Assessment of the Effect of A-PRF Application during the Surgical Extraction of Third Molars on Healing and the Concentration of C-Reactive Protein

“…One of the causes of persistent pain after extraction of the third molar is the occurrence of post-extraction local inflammation in the form of a dry socket. It is the most common complication and its frequency is determined to be from 7% to 35% [56][57][58][59][60].…”