Effects of homogenizing methods on accuracy and precision of equine strongylid egg counts

Went, H.A.; Scare, J.A.; Steuer, Ashley E.; Nielsen, Martin K.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.09.001

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In our study, CVs of Mini-FLOTAC were lower than the CVs of McMaster grids and chambers for all levels of contamination as reported also in other studies [7,10,12,13,[20][21][22]24]. Furthermore, CVs for McMaster chambers were lower than those obtained with McMaster grids, in agreement with Godber et al [10] and Bosco et al [12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cattle gastrointestinal nematode egg-spiked faecal samples: high recovery rates using the Mini-FLOTAC technique

et al. 2020

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Background: Faecal egg count (FEC) techniques are commonly used to detect gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in cattle and to determine anthelmintic efficacy/resistance through the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). Mini-FLOTAC is one of the techniques recommended for a standardised FEC/FECRT of helminth eggs in cattle. However, only one paper evaluated the recovery rate of GIN eggs by Mini-FLOTAC (compared to McMaster and modified-Wisconsin method) in cattle, using only a level of contamination of 200 eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces and using GIN eggs collected from goat faeces to spike faecal samples from cattle. To further study the recovery rate of GIN eggs from cattle faeces, this study was conducted in two laboratories, one in Belgium and one in Italy to evaluate the sensitivity, accuracy, precision and reproducibility of the Mini-FLOTAC and McMaster techniques (at two reading levels: grids and chambers) for the detection of GIN eggs in spiked bovine faecal samples. Methods: In both countries, spiked cattle faecal samples with five different levels of egg contamination (10, 50, 100, 200 and 500 EPG) of GINs were used. The study was performed in both laboratories by the same expert operator and using the same standard operating procedures (SOPs) for the Mini-FLOTAC and McMaster techniques. Sensitivity, accuracy and precision were calculated for each technique and for each level of contamination. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate differences in performance between the two techniques. Results: Mini-FLOTAC had a higher sensitivity (100% at all EPG levels for Mini-FLOTAC vs 0-66.6% for McMaster chambers and grids at levels< 100 EPG), a higher accuracy (98.1% mean value for Mini-FLOTAC vs 83.2% for McMaster grids and 63.8% for McMaster chambers) and a lower coefficient of variation (10.0% for Mini-FLOTAC vs 47.5% for McMaster grids and 69.4% for McMaster chambers) than McMaster. There was no significant difference in the recovery of GIN eggs between the two studies performed in Belgium and in Italy. Conclusions: The high GIN egg recovery rate detected by Mini-FLOTAC and the similar results obtained in Belgium and in Italy indicated that the diagnostic performance of a FEC technique was not dependent on the laboratory environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cattle gastrointestinal nematode egg-spiked faecal samples: high recovery rates using the Mini-FLOTAC technique

et al. 2020

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“…In our study, CVs of Mini-FLOTAC were lower than the CVs of McMaster grids and chambers for all levels of contamination as reported also in other studies [7,10,12,13,[20][21][22]24]. Furthermore, CVs this study for all the techniques CVs were lower at higher levels of contaminations, in fact as reported also in Mes et al [27] and in Das et al [28] the precision increases when the EPG in faecal sample increases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Cattle gastrointestinal nematode egg-spiked faecal samples: high recovery rates using the Mini-FLOTAC technique

Amadesi

Bosco

Rinaldi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Faecal egg count (FEC) techniques are commonly used to detect gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) in cattle and to determine anthelmintic efficacy/resistance through the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). Mini-FLOTAC is one of the techniques recommended for a standardised FEC/FECRT of helminth eggs in cattle. However, only one paper evaluated the recovery rate of GIN eggs by Mini-FLOTAC (compared to McMaster and modified-Wisconsin) in cattle, using only the level of contamination of 200 eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces and using GIN eggs collected from goat faeces to spike faecal samples from cattle. To further study the recovery rate of added GIN eggs from cattle, this study was conducted in two laboratories in Belgium and Italy to evaluate sensitivity, accuracy, precision and reproducibility of Mini-FLOTAC and McMaster (at two reading levels: grids and chambers) for the detection of GIN eggs in spiked bovine faecal samples. Methods: In both countries, spiked cattle faecal samples with five different levels of egg contamination (10, 50, 100, 200 and 500 EPG) of GINs were used. The study was performed in both laboratories by the same expert operator and using the same standard operating procedures (SOPs) for Mini-FLOTAC and McMaster. Sensitivity, accuracy and precision were calculated for each technique and for each level of contamination. Moreover, statistical analyses were performed to evaluate differences between performances of techniques used. Results: Mini-FLOTAC had a higher sensitivity (100% at all EPG levels for Mini-FLOTAC vs 0-66.6% for McMaster chambers and grids at levels <100 EPG), a higher accuracy (98.1% mean value for Mini-FLOTAC vs 83.2% for McMaster grids and 63.8% for McMaster chambers) and a lower coefficient of variation (10.0% for Mini-FLOTAC vs 47.5% for McMaster grids and 69.4% for McMaster chambers) than McMaster. There was no significant difference between the recovery of GIN eggs from the two studies performed in Belgium and in Italy. Conclusions: The high GIN eggs recovery rate detected by Mini-FLOTAC and the similar results obtained in Belgium and in Italy indicated that the diagnostic performance of a FEC technique was not regard to the laboratory environment.

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“…Fecal egg counts were performed on individual fecal sample by Mini-FLOTAC R technique according to Noel et al (22) and Went et al (23). Briefly, five weighed grams of feces were placed into a Fill-FLOTAC homogenizer and suspended in 45 mL of the NaCl flotation medium (specific gravity 1.25).…”

Section: Coprological Examinations and Fecal Egg Count Reduction Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Supplements Containing Cardus mariano, Eucalyptus globulus, Gentiana lutea, Urtica urens, and Mallotus philippinensis Extracts Are Effective in Reducing Egg Shedding in Dairy Jennies (Equus asinus) Naturally Infected by Cyathostomins

et al. 2020

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The increasing levels of anthelmintic resistance together with the restrictions in the use of drugs in food producing animals have enforced the search for sustainable alternative approaches for parasite control. The current study aimed to investigate the safety and the efficacy of a commercially available phytotherapic formulation against gastrointestinal strongyles in donkeys. Twenty-two Ragusana jennies (2.6 ± 0.5 years old) were assigned to two equal groups. One group was treated with two doses of a phytotherapic supplement Paraxitebio ® containing Cardus mariano, Eucalyptus globulus, Gentiana lutea, Urtica urens, and Mallotus philippinensis, 14 days apart (Group A). One group was used as negative control (Group B). Individual fecal samples were collected at the beginning of the study (T −1), and after 7, 14, and 28 days (T 7 , T 14 , T 28). Blood samples were collected on T −1 and T 28 in order to assess changes in donkeys' hematological profile. After the initial rise in EPG values observed on T 7 , Group A showed a significant EPG decrease with lower eggs per gram (EPG) count compared to Group B on T 28 and an overall fecal egg count reduction of 56.9% on the same time-point. Hematological parameters were within the normal physiological ranges for enrolled donkeys. However, significant differences in the values of RBCs, Hb, MCHC, MCV, WBCs, eosinophils, and basophils were recorded between groups after phytotherapic treatments, with Group A showing a general improvement in the hemogram picture. The phytotherapic supplement used in the current study was helpful in controlling intestinal parasites allowing a significant reduction in the fecal egg count 28 days after treatment. Further studies are needed to better explore the specific mode of action of the plant-derived formulation herein tested as well as to encourage their use as tool for the control of equine strongylosis under multimodal integrated approach in dairy donkey farms.

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Effects of homogenizing methods on accuracy and precision of equine strongylid egg counts

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Cattle gastrointestinal nematode egg-spiked faecal samples: high recovery rates using the Mini-FLOTAC technique

Cattle gastrointestinal nematode egg-spiked faecal samples: high recovery rates using the Mini-FLOTAC technique

Cattle gastrointestinal nematode egg-spiked faecal samples: high recovery rates using the Mini-FLOTAC technique

Nutritional Supplements Containing Cardus mariano, Eucalyptus globulus, Gentiana lutea, Urtica urens, and Mallotus philippinensis Extracts Are Effective in Reducing Egg Shedding in Dairy Jennies (Equus asinus) Naturally Infected by Cyathostomins

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