Effects of Homeopathic Arsenicum Album, Nosode, and Gibberellic Acid Preparations on the Growth Rate of Arsenic-Impaired Duckweed (<i>Lemna gibba</i>L.)

Jäger, Tim; Scherr, Claudia; Simon, Meinhard; Heusser, Peter; Baumgartner, Stephan

doi:10.1100/tsw.2010.202

Cited by 27 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A detailed description of the sample preparation has been given in previous publications. 21,24 In brief, all test solutions for one experiment (potencies and controls) were freshly prepared, using the multiple glass method, between 7 a.m. and 10 a.m. on the day of the experiment from the same batch of reverse osmosis water (Arium 61316; Satorius Stedim Biotech GmbH, Gö ttingen, Germany) prepared from tap water (Arlesheim, Switzerland).…”

Section: Preparation Of Potentised Test Solutions and Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies using arsenic(V) as a stressor found the system to be very stable, with growth-increasing effects of Arsenicum album potencies reproducibly observed. 21 The aim of this study is to examine whether duckweed assay can be applied to other research questions in homeopathy research. One such question is whether the observed arsenic(V) stress alleviation effect can be generalised to other inorganic stressors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Homeopathic Preparations of Mercurius corrosivus on the Growth Rate of Severely Mercury-Stressed Duckweed Lemna gibba L.

2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background We developed a bioassay with mercury-stressed duckweed (Lemna gibba L.) to study potential effects of homeopathically potentised mercury(II) chloride (Mercurius corrosivus [Merc-c.]). The response of this bioassay to homeopathic treatments as a function of stress intensity was also of interest. Methods Duckweed was severely stressed with mercury(II) chloride for 48 hours. Afterwards plants grew in either Merc-c. (seven different potency levels, 24x to 30x) or water controls (unsuccussed and succussed water) for 7 days. Growth rates of the frond (leaf) area were determined using a computerised image analysis system for different time intervals between the measurements on days 0, 3 and 7. Three independent experiments with potentised Merc-c. each were evaluated. Additionally, three water control experiments were analysed to investigate the stability of the experimental set-up (systematic negative control [SNC] experiments). All experiments were randomised and blinded. Results Unsuccussed and succussed water did not significantly differ in terms of duckweed growth rate. The SNC experiments did not yield any significant effects, providing evidence for the stability of the experimental system. Data from the two control groups and the seven treatment groups (Merc-c. 24x–30x) were each pooled to increase the statistical power. Duckweed growth rates for day 0 to 3 were reduced (p < 0.05) after application of Merc-c. compared with the controls. Growth rates for day 3 to 7 were not influenced by the homeopathic preparations. Conclusions The present test system with Lemna gibba L. that was severely stressed by mercury yielded evidence for specific effects of Merc-c. 24x to 30x, namely a growth reduction in the first time period (day 0–3). This is in contrast to former experiments with slightly arsenic-stressed duckweed, where a growth increase was observed in the second time period (day 2–6). We hypothesise that the differing results are associated with the level of stress intensity (severe versus slight).

show abstract

Section: Preparation Of Potentised Test Solutions and Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Homeopathic Preparations of Mercurius corrosivus on the Growth Rate of Severely Mercury-Stressed Duckweed Lemna gibba L.

2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Likewise, nosode 35x and 45x did not induce any significant effect vs. control. The approach of using a diluted and dynamized extract of infected/stressed plant tissue (nosode) has also been adopted in other plant models, obtaining significant (Carneiro et al, 2010;Jäger et al, 2010Jäger et al, , 2011b, or not significant results (Shah-Rossi et al, 2009). Finally, as we expected, the positive controls Cu 3 and BABA arrested the spread of disease (p<0.001, relative efficacy of 69.7% and 65.9%, respectively), confirming their antifungal activity and resistance inducing function, respectively.…”

Section: In Planta Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra high diluted arsenic reduces spore germination of Alternaria brassicicola and dark leaf spot in cauliflower

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A major problem in cauliflower crop is the fungus Alternaria brassicicola, which causes dark leaf spot on Brassicaceae family. The current use of copper salts in agriculture is questioned. In fact, these products present some disadvantages, connected mainly with their deposits in the soil and toxicity on plants. This work investigated the effects of arsenic treatments, in ultra high diluted form (UHD), prepared by a process of repeated dilution and succussion (shaking), through: 1) in vitro germination experiments, where spores of A. brassicicola were suspended in the treatments; 2) in planta experiments and 3) a field trial, where cauliflower plants infected by the fungus were sprayed with treatments. The results showed that ultra high dilutions of arsenic (where no more molecules of this substance are present) were effective in all the experiments, inhibiting spore germination by 60.0%, controlling fungal disease in in planta experiments (relative efficacy of 42.1%), and, in field trial, decreasing the mean infection level in cauliflower heads by 45.7% and 41.6% in artificially inoculated and naturally infected plants, respectively. This is the first study to demonstrate that ultra high dilutions effectively reduce in vitro spore germination and infection of A. brassicicola in cauliflower plants, both under controlled conditions and in the field. Our research is still very experimental, however, in light of the significant results obtained with ultra-diluted arsenic, and given that its extreme high dilution level precludes any toxicity or accumulation in the environment, the use of UHDs could be considered a potential and reliable approach for sustainable agriculture.

show abstract

“…Ähnlich wie bei den Wachstumsversuchen von Jäger et al [12,] bei denen nicht der verwendete Organismus oder die Schädigung im Vordergrund steht, sondern die Frage der Wirkung potenzierter Substanzen, steht dies auch im hier gewählten Forschungsansatz im Mittelpunkt der Fragestellung. Positive Resultate können dementsprechend als Indikatoren für eine Beeinflussung des Immunsystems durch homöopathische Arzneimittel angesehen werden.…”

Section: Hintergrundunclassified

Lymphozytenmigration unter Exposition homöopathischer Arzneimittel bei parodontaler Entzündung - eine kontrollierte Pilotstudie

Gaßmann¹,

Raak

Büchel

et al. 2015

Complement Med Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hintergrund: Viele homöopathische Arzneimittel werden auch für die Behandlung parodontaler Entzündungsprozesse eingesetzt. Über deren Wirkprinzipien ist allerdings nur wenig bekannt. Ziel dieser Studie war es daher, die Effekte verdünnter Substanzen auf die Migrationsaktivität von Lymphozyten bei parodontalen Entzündungsprozessen in vitro zu untersuchen. Material und Methoden: Lymphozyten wurden aus Blutproben von 3 Parodontitispatienten und 3 gematchten gesunden Probanden extrahiert und zusammen mit verdünnten wässrigen Extrakten (D12 and C200) von Mercurius solubilis, Silicea, Sulfur, Tuberculinum oder Placebo in eine Kollagenmatrix eingebettet. Nach einer 60-minütigen mikroskopischen Videoaufzeichnung im Zeitraffer wurden die Migrationsaktivität und -geschwindigkeit der Lyphozyten von je 30 randomisiert ausgewählten Zellen nachvollzogen. Neben univariaten statistischen Verfahren wurde eine SiZer-Zeitreihenanalyse durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Während bei den Hochverdünnungen (C200) keine bedeutenden Unterschiede zwischen Placebo und den Substanzen gefunden wurden, konnten bei den niedrigen Verdünnungen (D12) im Vergleich zu Placebo starke Effekte beobachtet werden. Die stärksten Effekte wurden in den mit Sulfur D12 exponierten Lyphozyten beobachtet. Während bei den Lymphozyten der Parodontitispatienten ein spezifischer Aktivierungseffekt (mittlere Aktivität: 11,1% (Placebo) vs. 23,8% (Verum)) festgestellt werden konnte, blieb dieser bei den gesunden Probanden aus (25,8% (Placebo) vs. 25,6% (Verum)). Dieser Effekt konnte auch durch die SiZer-Zeitreihenanalyse als signifikant bestätigt werden. Schlussfolgerung: Die Debatte um die Wirkprinzipien von hochverdünnten Substanzen wird immer noch kontrovers geführt. Trotz der geringen Teilnehmerzahl und den damit verbundenen Limitierungen in der Aussagekraft sind insbesondere die Ergebnisse für Sulfur D12 ermutigend. Diese sollten in nachfolgenden Experimenten überprüft und durch weitere immunologische Versuche wie z.B. die Durchflusszytometrie von Zellinien verifiziert werden.

show abstract

Effects of Homeopathic Arsenicum Album, Nosode, and Gibberellic Acid Preparations on the Growth Rate of Arsenic-Impaired Duckweed (Lemna gibbaL.)

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Homeopathic Preparations of Mercurius corrosivus on the Growth Rate of Severely Mercury-Stressed Duckweed Lemna gibba L.

Effects of Homeopathic Preparations of Mercurius corrosivus on the Growth Rate of Severely Mercury-Stressed Duckweed Lemna gibba L.

Ultra high diluted arsenic reduces spore germination of Alternaria brassicicola and dark leaf spot in cauliflower

Lymphozytenmigration unter Exposition homöopathischer Arzneimittel bei parodontaler Entzündung - eine kontrollierte Pilotstudie

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About