Effects of home‐based exercise on motor, non‐motor symptoms and health‐related quality of life in Parkinsonʼs disease patients: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

AimTo explore the effect of home‐based exercise on motor symptoms (MS), non‐motor symptoms (NMS), and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in Parkinsonʼs disease (PD) patients.MethodsThis study was a randomized control trial with a convenience sample of 98 PD patients. Data were collected at baseline and interventions after 4 and 8 weeks. The exercise group was instructed to perform 150 min/week of exercise at home; the control group maintained their regular lifestyle. Questionnaires measured MS, NMS, and HRQOL. We also compare compliance and non‐compliance subgroups of the exercise group. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to determine the exercise effect of 120 and 150 min per week after testing for exercise times was at six time points (90–140 min).ResultsThe exercise (n = 49) and control groups (n = 49) were homogeneous except for disease stage at baseline. Significant differences were found for depression, HRQOL, motor ability, activity of daily living, and fatigue (p < .000) between the exercise and control groups, and also between the compliance and non‐compliance subgroups (p < .05). The GEE revealed that exercising 150 min/week significantly improved HRQOL, depression, motor ability, ADL, fatigue, and sleep quality (p < .05), though not anxiety, and exercising 120 min/week was also effective.ConclusionsThis home‐based exercise was effective in improving MS, NMS, and HRQOL. We recommend PD patients to exercise 30–50 min at least three times a week, or 10–15 min per session daily, to accumulate 120–150 min per week.

Effect of Physical Activity on Depression in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The final 14 papers agreed by both researchers were included, of which 3 papers [ 30 , 31 , 32 ] had depression outcome indicators for which data could not be extracted, and only qualitative analysis was performed. The remaining 11 papers [ 24 , 25 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] were subjected to meta-analysis.…”

“…Ten studies [ 24 , 25 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 34 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] described the generation of a completely randomized sequence, and 6 studies [ 24 , 25 , 31 , 34 , 38 , 41 ] used a suitable allocation concealment method. Thirteen studies [ 25 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] described that participants signed an informed consent for the experiment so that participants were nonblinded, which is a common drawback of nondrug clinical trials. There were 9 studies [ 24 , 25 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] that were blinded to outcome evaluators.…”

“…Thirteen studies [ 25 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] described that participants signed an informed consent for the experiment so that participants were nonblinded, which is a common drawback of nondrug clinical trials. There were 9 studies [ 24 , 25 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] that were blinded to outcome evaluators. Regarding the completeness of outcome data, participants were missing from 3 studies, with an unbalanced number and reasons for missing between groups [ 31 , 36 , 39 ].…”

“…Regarding the completeness of outcome data, participants were missing from 3 studies, with an unbalanced number and reasons for missing between groups [ 31 , 36 , 39 ]. One study was evaluated for other bias due to the presence of an imbalance between the experimental and control groups at baseline [ 25 ].…”

“…Meanwhile, recently, various approaches to augmented reality, virtual reality, and exercises through video games or exergames have been proposed, considering their potential for stimulation, involvement, and engagement also from a cognitive rehabilitation point of view [ 22 , 23 ]. Moreover, new forms of exercise interventions have emerged in recent studies of interventions for depression in patients with PD and have also been shown to be effective, such as resistance exercise [ 24 ] and resistance exercise combined with aerobic exercise [ 25 ]. To the best of our knowledge, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis in PA intervention for depression in patients with PD.…”