Effects of HMG on revascularization and follicular survival in heterotopic autotransplants of mouse ovarian tissue

Abstract

Ovarian tissue transplantation is now considered as a procedure to preserve the fertility of young women patients undergoing cancer therapy. The present study investigated the effects and mechanism of human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) intervention on vascular remoulding in ovarian heterotopic autotransplantation. Ovaries of 8-week-old mice were cultured in vitro with different concentrations of HMG for 3h for measuring the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The cultured ovaries were implanted under the kidney capsule and removed 24, 36, 48 h or 1 month after transplantation. Revascularization, fluid exudation and the number of surviving ovarian follicles were observed. The results showed that VEGF was increased 1.6-6.5 times in the HMG intervention groups. Revascularization appeared 24-36 h after transplantation and was earlier than that of the control. Fluid exudation increased incrementally with increasing HMG concentrations. The total number of surviving ovarian follicles was increased by 1.2-1.5 times in the HMG 0.15 IU/ml group as compared with the other groups 1 month after transplantation. It is concluded that intervention with HMG in vitro before transplantation could improve the blood supply reconstruction and survival of the autotransplanted ovarian follicles, which might be associated with increased VEGF expression.

N-acetylcysteine improves function and follicular survival in mice ovarian grafts through inhibition of oxidative stress

“…This could be because in the first days of transplantation, granulosa cells and oocytes, particularly in developing follicles, undergo apoptosis as a result of ischaemiareperfusion injury induced by free radicals and lipid peroxidation; this can lead to the degeneration and atresia of follicles and disruption in folliculogenesis and oogenesis, which eventually decreases the ovary volume and size and also the number of follicles (Commin et al, 2012;Demeestere et al, 2009;Hemadi et al, 2009;Soleimani et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012). Meanwhile, treatment with NAC resulted in a significantly higher volume of ovary and cortex and also the number of follicles compared with the saline-treated grafts through preventing initial tissue degeneration and follicle atresia as a result of its ability to delay or inhibit apoptosis of ovary cells in the time of hypoxia and also to reduce the ischaemia-reperfusion injury through its antioxidant ability and also increasing the glutathione reservoir.…”

Effects of erythropoietin on ischemia, follicular survival, and ovarian function in ovarian grafts

“…Our results demonstrated a reduction in the number of follicles in both the autografted groups, indicating an increase in the number of apoptotic follicles, which could be due to the depletion of follicular reserve during IR processes induced by free radicals and lipid peroxidation (Demeestere et al 2009, Soleimani et al 2011, Commin et al 2012, Wang et al 2012. Primordial follicles can tolerate episodes of ischemic conditions for 3 h at 4 8C (Eimani et al 2011), whereas the growing follicles are mostly lost during the first few days of ischemic conditions (Hemadi et al 2009, Commin et al 2012, Wang et al 2012.…”

“…Primordial follicles can tolerate episodes of ischemic conditions for 3 h at 4 8C (Eimani et al 2011), whereas the growing follicles are mostly lost during the first few days of ischemic conditions (Hemadi et al 2009, Commin et al 2012, Wang et al 2012. Any growing follicles present in the graft within days of transplantation are probably derived from primordial follicles present at the time of transplantation (Eimani et al 2011).…”

“…Transplantation of ovarian tissues has been performed to preserve and restore fertility in cancer survivors (Soleimani et al 2011, Wang et al 2012. Despite these encouraging results, there still remain unresolved limitations to the application of the procedure and its success (Demeestere et al 2009, Dath et al 2010.…”

“…Therefore, the application of any approach to minimize ischemic injury during the initial post-transplantation period and establishment of angiogenesis in the ovarian grafts such as the choice of the transplantation site (Israely et al 2003, 2006, Soleimani et al 2008, the use of antioxidants (Nugent et al 1998, Sapmaz et al 2003, Sayyah-Melli et al 2011, angiogenic factors (Commin et al 2012), and hormonal factors (Yang et al 2008, Wang et al 2012 can play an important role in the success of ovarian tissue transplantation (Suzuki et al 2008, Yang et al 2008.…”