“…[37] Seven independent studies were included in this category with outcomes including insulin sensitivity, [38,39] HbA1c, [40][41][42] fasting plasma glucose, [38,[40][41][42][43] total plasma cholesterol, [40][41][42][43][44] low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, [39-41, 43, 44] high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, [39][40][41][42][43][44] LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio, [40,41] plasma triglycerides, [39][40][41][42][43][44] body weight, [38,[40][41][42]45] waist circumference, [40,45] and blood pressure. [39,40] We were not able to locate trials with T2D or CVD as outcome, but one study calculated the 10-year Framingham coronary heart disease (CHD) risk score. [40] • Third, 14 studies were identified where different types of pasta were compared, including 3 studies that compared whole grain to refined grain pasta, [46-48] 6 studies that compared fiber-fortified to non-fiber-fortified pasta, [49]…”