Effects of high-sugar grasses and improved manure management on the environmental footprint of milk production at the farm level

Soteriades, Andreas Diomedes; Gonzalez-Mejia, Alejandra M.; Styles, David; Foskolos, Andreas; Moorby, J. M.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.206

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This could potentially be the result of lower NH 3 -N levels in high-starch diets. In this case, this could be beneficial to improving the N use efficiency of the cow by reducing the amount of excess N excreted and ultimately reducing N pollution (Foskolos and Moorby, 2018;Soteriades et al, 2018). This was supported by our study, with both urinary and fecal N excretion being lower from cows offered high-starch diets, indicating that more NH 3 -N was utilized in the rumen instead of being absorbed and excreted.…”

Section: Rumen Fermentation and Nutrient Digestibilitysupporting

confidence: 75%

Effects of addition of nutritionally improved straw in dairy cow diets at 2 starch levels

Hanlon

Moorby

McConochie³

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this experiment was to explore the effects of different dietary neutral detergent fiber sources within diets of high-producing dairy cattle with low or high starch concentrations on milk yield and composition, dry matter intake (DMI), total-tract digestibility, nitrogen (N) partitioning, and rumen function and health. Holstein-Friesian cows in early-to mid-lactation (n = 12; 666 ± 67 kg of body weight at the start of the experiment) and dry cannulated Holstein-Frisian cows (n = 4; 878 ± 67 kg of body weight at the start of the experiment) were used in multiple 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment and were offered 4 different diets. The treatments were 50:50 forage-to-concentrate diets within a total mixed ration (TMR) consisting, on a dry matter (DM) basis, of 42.4% grass silage as the main forage, 7.6% chopped untreated wheat straw, or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) wheat straw pellets, known as nutritionally improved straw (NIS), and 50.0% of 1 of 2 different concentrates with low or high starch level (TMR starch level of 16.0 vs. 24.0% of DM, respectively). Four experimental periods were used, each consisting of a 21-d adaptation period and 7 d of sampling. Dry matter intake and milk yield were both affected by the type of straw included in the diet. A 1.6 kg/d higher DMI was seen when NIS was fed compared with untreated straw, resulting in a 1.7 kg/d higher milk yield. Milk protein concentration was affected by straw type and starch level, and it was 4 and 3% higher when NIS and high-starch diets were fed, respectively. Diets with NIS were more positively effective when fed with low levels of starch. These results illustrate that feeding NIS to high-producing lactating dairy cows fed low or high starch concentrations has a positive effect on performance.

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Section: Rumen Fermentation and Nutrient Digestibilitysupporting

confidence: 75%

Effects of addition of nutritionally improved straw in dairy cow diets at 2 starch levels

Hanlon

Moorby

McConochie³

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Studies on the feeding of WSC-rich forages also reported positive effects on N losses from dairy cows, 30,73,74 which was confirmed by a life cycle assessment comparing typical pasture-based dairy systems in the UK using either conventional ryegrass or a WSC-rich ryegrass. 90 The assessment revealed a high potential of WSC-rich grasses to reduce the eutrophication and acidification potential per unit of energy corrected milk. WSC-rich grasses were proposed to help mitigate the 'environmental hotspots' of pasture-based systems at the same time as improving productivity, maintaining the cost advantages and reducing the risk of indirect land use change associated with increases in maize and concentrate feeding.…”

Section: Characterization Of Plant Storage Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the potentials of using feeds rich in water‐soluble carbohydrates to enhance rumen health and sustainability of dairy cattle production

Klevenhusen

Zebeli

2021

J Sci Food Agric

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Cows are adapted to degrade structural plant carbohydrates (SC), such as cellulose and hemicelluloses, prevailing in grasses. Yet, the need for energy-dense diets in many intensive dairy production systems has shifted the dairy cattleʼs diet from SC-rich to high levels of starch. Feeding of starch-rich diets increases the risk of ruminal acidosis in cows, and feeding starch in the form of grains intensifies the competition over cereal grains and arable land among different livestock species, as well as between livestock and humans. Besides cellulose and hemicelluloses, grasses are also often rich in water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), which comprise mono-, di-, oligo-and polysaccharides (fructans). Although the ruminal fermentation profile of monoand disaccharides resembles that of starch, the degradation of oligo-and polysaccharides is slower, and their fermentation elicits a rather protecting effect on ruminal pH. When harvested in an early phase (i.e. ear emergence), grass hay and silages can reach WSC levels up to 150-200 g kg −1 dry matter and energy levels close to starch-rich diets, allowing a significantly reduced inclusion of concentrate supplements. By doing so, this will enhance both rumen health and the sustainability of milk production. However, because the WSC are chemically very heterogeneous, the patterns and extent of their ruminal fermentation are difficult to predict without a clear analytical characterization. This review article aims to summarize both the benefits and potentials, as well as the challenges, with respect to using WSC-rich feedstuffs in the nutrition of dairy cattle and their effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics and milk production.

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“…The life cycle inventory process followed two earlier LCA studies of UK dairy farms (Styles et al 2015(Styles et al , 2018. For assumed emissions from inputs, animals, housing, manure management and application, and fertilizer application, see Table 1 in Soteriades et al (Soteriades et al 2018a) and section 2.3 in Soteriades et al (Soteriades et al 2019).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining production while reducing local and global environmental emissions in dairy farming

Soteriades

Foskolos

Styles

2020

Journal of Environmental Management

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Effects of high-sugar grasses and improved manure management on the environmental footprint of milk production at the farm level

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of addition of nutritionally improved straw in dairy cow diets at 2 starch levels

Effects of addition of nutritionally improved straw in dairy cow diets at 2 starch levels

A review on the potentials of using feeds rich in water‐soluble carbohydrates to enhance rumen health and sustainability of dairy cattle production

Maintaining production while reducing local and global environmental emissions in dairy farming

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