Effects of high-speed power training on functional capacity and muscle performance in older women

Pereira, Ana; Izquierdo, Mikel; Silva, António; Costa, Aldo M.; Bastos, Estela; González-Badillo, Juan José; Marques, Mário C.

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2011.12.010

Cited by 116 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It has been shown that resistance training programs including high-velocity muscle actions during the concentric phase are effective interventions to improve muscle strength, power output, rate of force development, and functional capacity in elderly subjects (Correa et al 2012;Henwood et al 2008;Pereira et al 2012;RamirezCampillo et al 2014). In fact, studies have shown that muscle power appears to serve as a more important predictor of functional performance in healthy and frail elderly than muscle strength alone (Casas-Herrero et al 2013;Reid and Fielding 2012).…”

Section: Functional Capacity In Elderly Diabetic Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

Cadore

Izquierdo

2015

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In elderly populations, diabetes is associated with reduced muscle strength, poor muscle quality, and accelerated loss of muscle mass. In addition, diabetes mellitus increases risk for accelerated aging and for the development of frailty syndrome. This disease is also associated with a polypathological condition, and its complications progressively affect quality of life and survival. Exercise interventions, including resistance training, represent the cornerstones of diabetes management, especially in patients at severe functional decline. This review manuscript aimed to describe the beneficial effects of different exercise interventions on the functional capacity of elderly diabetics, including those at polypathological condition. The SciELO, Science Citation Index, MEDLINE, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched from 1980 to 2015 for articles published from original scientific investigations. In addition to the beneficial effects of exercise interventions on glycemic control, and on the cardiovascular risk factors associated with diabetes, physical exercise is an effective intervention to improve muscle strength, power output, and aerobic power and functional capacity in elderly diabetic patients. Thus, a combination of resistance and endurance training is the most effective exercise intervention to promote overall physical fitness in these patients. In addition, in diabetic patients with frailty and severe functional decline, a multicomponent exercise program including strength and power training, balance exercises, and gait retraining may be an effective intervention to reduce falls and improve functional capacity and quality of life in these patients.

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Section: Functional Capacity In Elderly Diabetic Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

Cadore

Izquierdo

2015

AGE

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“…Skeletal muscle power decreases before muscle strength with advancing age (Izquierdo et al 1999;Reid and Fielding 2012) and is more strongly associated with functional test performance than muscle strength in elderly populations (Pereira et al 2012). However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has investigated the effects of multicomponent exercise intervention, with a specific emphasis on muscle power output, balance, and walking enhancements, in the frail oldest old population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicomponent exercises including muscle power training enhance muscle mass, power output, and functional outcomes in institutionalized frail nonagenarians

Cadore

Casas‐Herrero

Zambom-Ferraresi

et al. 2013

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402

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This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of multicomponent training on muscle power output, muscle mass, and muscle tissue attenuation; the risk of falls; and functional outcomes in frail nonagenarians. Twenty-four elderly (91.9±4.1 years old) were randomized into intervention or control group. The intervention group performed a twice-weekly, 12-week multicomponent exercise program composed of muscle power training (8-10 repetitions, 40-60 % of the one-repetition maximum) combined with balance and gait retraining. Strength and power tests were performed on the upper and lower limbs. Gait velocity was assessed using the 5-m habitual gait and the timeup-and-go (TUG) tests with and without dual-task performance. Balance was assessed using the FICSIT-4 tests. The ability to rise from a chair test was assessed, and data on the incidence and risk of falls were assessed using questionnaires. Functional status was assessed before measurements with the Barthel Index. Midthigh lower extremity muscle mass and muscle fat infiltration were assessed using computed tomography. The intervention group showed significantly improved TUG with single and dual tasks, rise from a chair and balance performance (P<0.01), and a reduced incidence of falls. In addition, the intervention group showed enhanced muscle power and strength (P<0.01). Moreover, there were significant increases in the total and high-density muscle cross-sectional area in the intervention group. The control group significantly reduced strength and functional outcomes. Routine multicomponent exercise intervention should be prescribed to nonagenarians because overall physical outcomes are improved in this population.

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“…The inclusion of explosive contractions in strength training results in overall neuromuscular adaptations in the elderly, such as increases in the maximal concentric power, the rates of force development and rapid muscle activation, and maximal dynamic strength (Häkkinen et al 2001;Izquierdo et al 2001a). Moreover, certain studies have reported that strength training using high velocity during concentric contractions results in greater improvements in functional capacity when compared with strength training using only slow velocity of contractions (Earles et al 2001;Sayers et al 2003;Henwood et al 2008;Miszko et al 2003;Orr et al 2006;Bottaro et al 2007;Correa et al 2012;Pereira et al 2012;Reid and Fielding 2012). In the study by Pereira et al (2012), 12 weeks of high-speed power training improved walking speed and performance on functional tests, such as "sit to stand" and "get up and go" in elderly women.…”

Section: Long-term Concurrent Training Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, certain studies have reported that strength training using high velocity during concentric contractions results in greater improvements in functional capacity when compared with strength training using only slow velocity of contractions (Earles et al 2001;Sayers et al 2003;Henwood et al 2008;Miszko et al 2003;Orr et al 2006;Bottaro et al 2007;Correa et al 2012;Pereira et al 2012;Reid and Fielding 2012). In the study by Pereira et al (2012), 12 weeks of high-speed power training improved walking speed and performance on functional tests, such as "sit to stand" and "get up and go" in elderly women. Similarly, Bottaro et al (2007) reported greater increases in functional performance with a strength training protocol that was performed with explosive muscle contractions when compared with a traditional strength training group (i.e., only slow contractions).…”

Section: Long-term Concurrent Training Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the limited number of studies comparing the effects of strength training, endurance training, and concurrent training interventions on functional test performance, it is important to highlight the positive effect of concurrent training on the functional capacity of elderly populations (Binder et al 2004;Pahor et al 2006;Rejeski et al 2009;Izquierdo et al 2012). In the study by Rejeski et al (2009), 2 years of combined endurance and strength training resulted in an improved 400-m walking speed and physical performance battery that included balance, 4 m of selfpaced walking speed, and chair stands.…”

Section: Long-term Concurrent Training Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to simultaneously optimize muscle strength, power, functional capacity, and cardiovascular gains in the elderly: an update

Izquierdo

2013

AGE

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The purpose of the present study was to review the scientific literature that investigated concurrent training adaptations in elderly populations, with the aim of identifying the optimal combination of both training program variables (i.e., strength and endurance) to avoid or minimize the interference effect in the elderly. Scielo, Science Citation Index, MEDLINE, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. Concurrent training is the most effective strategy by which to improve neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory functions as well as functional capacity in the elderly. The volume and frequency of training appears to play a critical role in concurrent training-induced adaptations in elderly subjects. Furthermore, new evidence indicates that the intra-session exercise order may influence the magnitude of physiological adaptations. Despite the interference effect on strength gains that is caused by concurrent training, this type of training is advantageous in that the combination of strength and endurance training produces both neuromuscular and cardiovascular adaptations in the elderly. The interference phenomenon may be observed in elderly subjects when a moderate weekly volume of concurrent training (i.e., three times per week) is performed. However, even with the occurrence of this phenomenon, the performance of three concurrent training sessions per week appears to optimize the strength gains in relative brief periods of training (12 weeks). Moreover, performing strength prior to endurance exercise may optimize both neuromuscular and cardiovascular gains.

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Effects of high-speed power training on functional capacity and muscle performance in older women

Cited by 116 publications

References 22 publications

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

Multicomponent exercises including muscle power training enhance muscle mass, power output, and functional outcomes in institutionalized frail nonagenarians

How to simultaneously optimize muscle strength, power, functional capacity, and cardiovascular gains in the elderly: an update

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