Effects of High Pressure ORE Grinding on the Efficiency of Flotation Operations

Saramak, D.; Krawczykowska, Aldona; Młynarczykowska, A.

doi:10.2478/amsc-2014-0051

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The application of chemical reagents is not the only significant factor affecting the final flotation effect. As indicated works [14,15] the particle size distribution of feed material also plays a key role in the process. Properly selected communition and sizing processes provide a high level of copper minerals liberation, which guarantees better enrichment effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Multidimensional Analysis of Copper Ore Flotation in Terms of Applied Hydrophobizing Agents

2018

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Flotation is a method of enrichment used to distribute particles, which differ in their surface properties. Hydrophobic solids intrinsically create contact at the solid-liquid-gas interface. However, not all minerals, including copper minerals, can be characterized by this crucial ability. In that case it is necessary to use the collector reagents which guarantees a high efficiency of the enrichment process. The main aim of the paper was to examine the impact of selected collector types and dosages on the results of Polish sandstone copper ore flotation and to find optimal parameter values for products that meet quality and quantity requirements. The laboratory tests were carried out with an application of two types of collectors (Hostaflot, sodium ethyl xanthate aqueous solution) in dosages 100 and 150 g/Mg. Data analysis was based on the use of the taxonomy methods in order to select optimal conditions of collector dosage and type. Based on the indexes, it was found that the best enrichment effects were obtained with a sodium ethyl xanthate aqueous solution 150 g/Mg.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Multidimensional Analysis of Copper Ore Flotation in Terms of Applied Hydrophobizing Agents

2018

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“…Thus, describing the subprocesses of flotation by the defined probabilities, which affect the rate of the process the value of flotation rate constant can be evaluated which indicate its relationship with the process parameters and properties of minerals. This value has a macroscopic character and should include information on the factors affecting the flotation process [122][123][124][125][126]. Available in the literature studies shown mainly flotation process, related to minerals flotation, as a fluid flow analysis or as a means of mass transport or as an unsteady process and creating models based on heuristic considerations [123], experimental data or numerical simulations [124].…”

Section: Particle In Three-phase Reactors Drawdown Of Floatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A General Review of the Current Development of Mechanically Agitated Vessels

Jaszczur

Młynarczykowska

2020

Processes

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The mixing process in a mechanically agitated vessel is a widespread phenomenon which plays an important role among industrial processes. In that process, one of the crucial parameters, the mixing efficiency, depends on a large number of geometrical factors, as well as process parameters and complex interactions between the phases which are still not well understood. In the last decade, large progress has been made in optimisation, construction and numerical and experimental analysis of mechanically agitated vessels. In this review, the current state in this field has been presented. It shows that advanced computational fluid dynamic techniques for multiphase flow analysis with reactions and modern experimental techniques can be used with success to analyse in detail mixing features in liquid-liquid, gas-liquid, solid-liquid and in more than two-phase flows. The objective is to show the most important research recently carried out.

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“…(Schönert, 1988), the High Pressure Grinding Rolls have become in a modern and highly efficient technology. Applications of this equipment are related to the clinker cement industry in early stages (Kellerwessel, 1990;Hasanzadeh and Farzanegan, 2011) and after that, in mineral processing activities, especially in metallic ore deposits (Guevara and Menacho, 1992;Austin et al, 1993;Morrel et al, 1997;Torres and Casali 2009;Abouzeid and Fuerstenau, 2009;Saramak, 2011;Numbi and Xia, 2015). It is proven to reduce the operating costs in full scale plants when compared with other milling technologies, which is especially important with low-grade ores and inherent low efficiency of the conventional comminution system (Abouzeid and Fuerstenau, 2009;Liang et al, 2016;Lei et al, 2018).…”

Section: Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature shows several approaches to model HPGR particle size distribution. However, two of this approaches highlight for this type of machinery; when a single particle compression is combined with a batch grinding solution (Torres and Casali, 2009;Saramak, 2011) or by means of the calculation of several matrices between the differential feed and the breakage distribution function (Austin et al, 1993;Kodali et al, 2011). This study is based on the Austin (1993) model, but with modifications compared with the original expression:…”

Section: Test Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic minerals milling modelling of high pressure grinding rolls and process parameters dependency

Anticoi Sudzuki

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Comminution is the most energy consuming process in mining industry, where nearly 60 % of the electricity expenditure is due to grinding purposes. In the nature most of the ore minerals are found, finely disseminated and intimately associated with the gangue, thus, liberation is the main target to recover these minerals. In order to optimize the size reduction process, the correct prediction of the charactrisstic of the product in a milling reactor turns into a crucial task, and is the main motivation to develop this thesis. The materials used in this study belong to the so-called strategic raw materials, according to the European Commission, to increase competitiveness on the local production to those materials that are key to the industry and their supply is in a risky situation. Tantalum and tungsten ores were selected from the critical raw materials list, and the model developed was based on these two types of ores. The material was characterised in minerals and mechanical terms. The mineral composition was determined before being tested under a new methodology, the piston-die test, to find the breakage distribution function. After the test, the samples were also analysed to find breakage mechanism patterns. The experimental session were done using a reformed roll crusher, which was modified in order to have a high pressure environment during compression. The validation stage was performed at the Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg facilities, Germany, where the company Köppern Aufbereitungstechnik GmbH & Co.KG has a High Pressure Grinding Roll pilot plant. The product prediction is presented using an approach of the Population Balance Model (PBM). Such model treats comminution as a single plug flow reactor where selection and breakage functions are involved. In the process of determining parameters of one of these function, more in concrete, the breakage distribution function, by means of the new methodology, novel discoveries on the breakage phenomena were included into this new approach. It has been found that the breakage distribution function is non-normalizable when comminution is done in two compressive conditions: bed particle compression and single particle compression. Some differences on the breakage function parameters where found when varying the specific pressing force for a certain particle size range. These function parameters are closely linked with the mineral composition of the tested material. The content of competent minerals or the presence of altered phases, resulted on variation on these parameters values. The prediction model obtained using the lab-scale experiments data show consistency, but when the specific pressing force is included into the breakage function determination and into the model itself, it turns in a remarkable good fitting. In this case, the simulated product is compared with an industrial scale device test data. The used feed size distribution was several mono-size particles ranges but an heterogeneous particle size distribution was also tested, being the most similar material that is processed in mining industry. The working gap was studied to determine its dependency on operative conditions or material characteristics as composition, size or moisture. The energy consumption was also studied and it has been found how the roll speed is the most energy demanding concept in this type of machinery, and is the responsible of the plant throughput. The specific pressing force, which has an influenced on the product characteristic, has an important influence on the energy demand as well, but is not that relevant as in the case of the increment on the roll speed. La comminución es el proceso que consume más energía en la industria minera, donde casi el 60% del gasto energético es debido a esto. En la naturaleza, la mayoría de los minerales de interés se encuentran finamente diseminados y íntimamente asociados con la ganga, por lo tanto, la liberación es el objetivo principal para recuperar estos minerales. Para optimizar el proceso de reducción de tamaño de las partículas, una correcta predicción de las características de la molienda se convierte en una tarea crucial y ha sido la principal motivación para desarrollar esta tesis. Los materiales utilizados en este estudio pertenecen a las llamadas materias primas estratégicas, según la Comisión Europea, para aumentar la competitividad en la producción local de aquellos materiales que son clave para la industria y su suministro se encuentra en una situación de riesgo. Los minerales de tantalio y tungsteno han sido seleccionados de ésta lista de materias primas críticas, y se ha desarrollado un modelo metalúrgico basado en estos dos tipos de minerales. El material ha sido caracterizado en términos de su mineralogía y sus propiedades mecánicas. La composición mineralógica ha sido determinada antes de ser ensayada bajo una nueva metodología, denominada prueba de pistón, para encontrar la función de distribución de rotura. Después del ensayo, las muestras también fueron analizadas para encontrar patrones en su mecanismo de rotura relacionada con la mineralogía. Las pruebas de laboratorio fueron realizadas utilizando una trituradora de rodillos reformada, la cual que se modificó para tener un ambiente de alta presión durante la compresión. La etapa de validación del modelo desarrollado en el laboratorio fue ejecutada en las instalaciones de Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Alemania, donde la empresa Köppern Aufbereitungstechnik GmbH & Co.KG tiene una planta piloto de rodillos de molienda de alta presión. El producto de molienda en un HPGR se basa en el Modelo de Balance Poblacional (MBP). Dicho modelo trata la comminución como un reactor de flujo de pistón simple, en el que intervienen ciertas funciones de selección y de rotura. En el proceso de determinar los parámetros de una de estas funciones, más concretamente, la función de distribución de rotura, mediante la nueva metodología presentada en este estudio, se incluyeron nuevos descubrimientos sobre los fenómenos de rotura en este nuevo modelo. Entre ellos, se ha encontrado que la función de distribución de rotura no es normalizable cuando la trituración se realiza en dos condiciones de compresión: lecho de compresión de partículas y compresión simple de partículas. Se han encontrado algunas diferencias en los parámetros de esta función de rotura al variar la presión específica para un cierto rango de tamaño de partícula. A su vez, estos parámetros de función están estrechamente relacionados con la composición mineral del material ensayado. El contenido de minerales más competentes en términos de su resistencia mecánica o la presencia de fases alteradas, dio como resultado en la variación de los valores en los parámetros de la función de rotura. El modelo metalúrgico desarrollado a escala laboratorio ha usado los datos de la caracterización mecánica de la prueba de pistón. La simulación del producto comparado con los datos experimentales muestra ser consistente. Sin embargo, cuando la presión específica se incluye en la determinación de la función de rotura y en el modelo en sí mismo, el ajuste del modelo se torna notable. En este caso, el producto simulado se compara con los datos de las pruebas en un dispositivo a escala industrial. La distribución del tamaño de alimentación utilizada fue de varios rangos de partículas de mono-tamaño. Sin embargo, también se utilizó una distribución de tamaño de partículas más heterogénea, siendo este un material más similar al que se procesa en la industria minera. La distancia operativa entre los rodillos (GAP) se ha estudiado para determinar la dependencia de éste ante las condiciones operativas del proceso o debido a las características del material como la composición, el tamaño o la humedad. También se ha estudiado el consumo de energético del proceso y se ha descubierto que la velocidad de los rodillos requiere un consumo de energía elevado, para este tipo de maquinaria y, por lo tanto, responsable de la optimización energética de la planta. Por otro lado, la presión específica, que influye en la característica del producto, también tiene una influencia importante en la demanda de energía, pero no es tan relevante como en el caso del incremento de la velocidad de los rodillos.

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Effects of High Pressure ORE Grinding on the Efficiency of Flotation Operations

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Multidimensional Analysis of Copper Ore Flotation in Terms of Applied Hydrophobizing Agents

Multidimensional Analysis of Copper Ore Flotation in Terms of Applied Hydrophobizing Agents

A General Review of the Current Development of Mechanically Agitated Vessels

Strategic minerals milling modelling of high pressure grinding rolls and process parameters dependency

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