Effects of high-intensity strength training on multiple risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. A randomized controlled trial

Nelson, M. E.; Fiatarone, Ma; Morganti, CM; Trice, Isaiah; Greenberg, RA; Evans, WJ

doi:10.1001/jama.272.24.1909

Cited by 317 publications

(364 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

329

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…(13,14) Physical activity also may decrease the risk of falls by improving balance, coordination, and muscular strength. (11,12) Our results corroborated this, showing that more active women were less likely to experience one or more falls subsequently.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) Regular physical activity also has been associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis, obesity, (10) and falls. (11,12) The protective effect of physical activity on hip fracture has been attributed to increased forces on the bones that may slow the rate of decline in bone mineral density (BMD) related to aging (13,14) and/or prevent falls by improving balance, coordination, and muscular strength. (12) Obesity protects against hip fractures (2,3,15) but increases the risk of having other conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(11,12) The protective effect of physical activity on hip fracture has been attributed to increased forces on the bones that may slow the rate of decline in bone mineral density (BMD) related to aging (13,14) and/or prevent falls by improving balance, coordination, and muscular strength. (12) Obesity protects against hip fractures (2,3,15) but increases the risk of having other conditions. (16) This protective effect has been attributed to higher levels of BMD resulting from increased chronic strain on the bones, an increased production of estrogens from larger stores of adipose tissue, and/or a reduced impact from falls because of a greater cushioning by subcutaneous adipose tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Body mass index and physical activity in relation to the incidence of hip fracture in postmenopausal women

Armstrong

Spencer

Cairns

et al. 2010

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hip fracture risk is known to increase with physical inactivity and decrease with obesity, but there is little information on their combined effects. We report on the separate and combined effects of body mass index (BMI) and physical activity on hospital admissions for hip fracture among postmenopausal women in a large prospective UK study. Baseline information on body size, physical activity, and other relevant factors was collected in 1996-2001, and participants were followed for incident hip fractures by record linkage to National Health Service (NHS) hospital admission data. Cox regression was used to calculate adjusted relative risks of hip fracture. Among 925,345 postmenopausal women followed for an average of 6.2 years, 2582 were admitted to hospital with an incident hip fracture. Hip fracture risk increased with decreasing BMI: Compared with obese women (BMI of 30þ kg/m 2 ), relative risks were 1.71 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-1.97)] for BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m 2 and 2.55 (95% CI 2.22-2.94) for BMI of 20.0 to 24.9 kg/m 2 . The increase in fracture risk per unit decrease in BMI was significantly greater among lean women than among overweight women ( p < .001). For women in every category of BMI, physical inactivity was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. There was no significant interaction between the relative effects of BMI and physical activity. For women who reported that they took any exercise versus no exercise, the adjusted relative risk of hip fracture was 0.68 (95% CI 0.62-0.75), with similar results for strenuous exercise. In this large cohort of postmenopausal women, BMI and physical activity had independent effects on hip fracture risk. ß

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Body mass index and physical activity in relation to the incidence of hip fracture in postmenopausal women

Armstrong

Spencer

Cairns

et al. 2010

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cummings et al [17] after a review of risk factors for hip fractures in white women concluded that exercise and particularly walking reduced the risk of fractures by preventing falls. Similar conclusions were reached by Nelson et al [51]: that exercise improves muscle mass and strength and improves balance, gait and reaction time. Tai chi (and other exercises) improves balance as it focuses on posture and low velocity movements of the body [80].…”

Section: Exercise In the Prevention And Treatment Of Osteoporosissupporting

confidence: 86%

Osteoporosis, falls and exercise

Meléndez-Ortega

2007

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Osteoporosis, a manifestation of bone atrophy that leads to great susceptibility to fractures, is a very important public health problem today because of its great morbidity, mortality and important economic repercussions. It is a problem that will tend to become more serious with the increase in the number of elderly persons. Bone mass is gained during adolescence, reaches a plateau during the third decade and remains stable until approximately age 50, after which a progressively gradual loss is observed. There is no real cure for osteoporosis, but a series of strategies can be used to reduce bone loss and improve bone mass. Osteoporosis has been considered a disease that accompanies the process of ageing; however, this fatalistic attitude should be discarded, as it is possible to correct and decrease the risk factors. Intervention strategies are based on three pillars: nutrition, physical activity and pharmacological agents. Physical activities and exercise programmes are important because they not only can counter the loss of bone mass but also improve neuromuscular capacity, maintaining and increasing strength and muscle mass, which can help to avoid falls and reduce their impact and consequences. The general principles that apply to any exercise programme also apply to preventing bone mass loss. They also can be applied to persons with osteoporosis. However, to understand the peculiarities of these programmes, the propensity for suffering fractures of these former groups should be kept in mind. Special care should be taken to avoid falls and injuries. Weight-bearing exercise and resistance training are recommended for the prevention programmes. Other activities such as tai-chi, dancing, gymnastic or callisthenic exercises can help to improve balance, gait and muscle coordination and diminish the risk of falling. These programmes should be complemented with postural education and a series of safety precautions.

show abstract

“…The TWT has frequently been included in standard neurological examinations to indicate neuro-motor competence and dynamic balance capacity [31][32][33]. The TWT test has been utilized as the dynamic walking balance component of several validated test batteries regarding fall prediction in the elderly, such as the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale [3,4], the LIFE pilot study protocol [5], Good Walkers Test [6], and the EPIDOS Prospective Study balance protocol [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent validation of the tandem walk test as a measure of dynamic walking balance in a healthy population

Robertson¹,

Gregory²

2017

Phys Ther Rehabil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the possible concurrent validity of the tandem walk test as a measure of dynamic walking balance. Methods: Forty-nine healthy participants, age range 20-75 years (mean age 40.1 ± 17.1 years), performed the ten step tandem walk test and two clinical tests of dynamic balance using the Biodex Balance System (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, NY) dynamic limits of stability protocol and measures of gait variability assessed through gait center of pressure, spatial, and temporal parameters derived from an instrumented treadmill (h/p/cosmos sports & medical gmbh, Nussdorf-Traunstein, Germany; Zebris FDM-T, Isny im Allgau, Germany). Results: A moderate-high correlation was demonstrated between the ten step tandem walk test eyes open and measures of gait variability, step width (r=0.64 p<0.05) and step time variability ( r=0.67 p<0.05), age (r=0.69 p<0.05), and Biodex Balance System dynamic limits of stability (r=0.81 p<0.05). A moderate relationship was found between the ten step tandem walk test eyes open and measures of gait center of pressure variability (r=0.52 p<0.05). Correlation coefficient values between the ten step tandem walk test eyes open and Biodex Balance System dynamic limits of stability, gait temporal, center of pressure, and spatial parameters demonstrated increased strength when adjusted for age. Conclusion: The ten step tandem walk test demonstrated a moderate to high relationship with clinical tests of dynamic balance: Biodex Balance System dynamic limits of stability and gait center of pressure, spatial, and time parameters in a healthy population demonstrating concurrent validity as an objective measure of dynamic walking balance in a healthy population between the ages of 20 and 75 years.

show abstract

Effects of high-intensity strength training on multiple risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 317 publications

References 0 publications

Body mass index and physical activity in relation to the incidence of hip fracture in postmenopausal women

Body mass index and physical activity in relation to the incidence of hip fracture in postmenopausal women

Osteoporosis, falls and exercise

Concurrent validation of the tandem walk test as a measure of dynamic walking balance in a healthy population

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About