Effects of herbage ingestion on the digestion site and nitrogen balance in heavy Iberian pigs fed on an acorn-based diet

García-Valverde, R.; Nieto, R.; Lachica, M.; Aguilera, J. F.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.161

Cited by 21 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The whole productive cycle of the Iberian pig is orientated towards a final fattening period in the Mediterranean forest, the so-called "dehesa", where the grazing animal consumes acorns as the main component of its diet, complemented with grass when it is available. This extensive fattening phase is required to provide fresh or cured products with highly valuable flavour attributes and market price (García-Valverde et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tocopherol content, weight loss and instrumental color analysis of Iberian dry-cured ham as affected by rearing and feeding systems

et al. 2009

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The effects of rearing (outdoor vs indoor) and feeding systems (acorn and grass vs mixed diets) on ham quality from Duroc x Iberian pigs were studied. Seven groups of 5 females each were used. One group was reared under freerange conditions and fed with acorns and grass (outdoor pigs). Six group were fed mixed diets in confinement (indoor pigs) under a factorial design 3 x 2 with three types of dietary fat: monounsaturated, polyunsaturated and medium (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) and two levels of α-tocopheryl-acetate. The α-and γ-tocopherol contents were higher (P < 0.05) in hams from outdoor pigs than in hams from indoor pigs. The hams from indoor pigs were lighter than hams from outdoor pigs and redness values were larger in hams from outdoor pigs than in hams from indoor pigs. At 4 days of storage ham samples from outdoor pigs showed a tendency (P < 0.10) to lower weight loss than those from pigs fed a basal level of vitamin E. These results indicate that rearing outdoor and feeding Iberian pigs by acorn and grass increase the α-and γ-tocopherols and improve color and weight losses in dry-cured hams.

Se ha estudiado el efecto del régimen de producción (en libertad vs estabulados) y el sistema de alimentación (bellota y pasto vs piensos formulados) en la calidad del jamón de cerdos Ibéricos cruzados con Duroc. Siete grupos de 5 hembras cada uno fueron usadas. Un grupo fue criado en condiciones de libertad y alimentado con bellotas y pasto (Cerdos en libertad). Seis grupos fueron alimentados con dietas formuladas en confinamiento (Cerdos estabulados) usando un diseño factorial de 3 x 2 con tres tipos de grasa en la dieta: monoinsaturada, poliinsaturada y media (monoinsaturada y polinsaturada) y dos niveles de acetato de α-tocoferol. Los contenidos de α- y γ-tocoferol fueron más altos (p < 0.05) en jamones de cerdos criados en libertad que en jamones de cerdos estabulados. Los jamones de cerdos estabulados pesaron menos que los jamones de cerdos en libertad y los valores de color rojo fueron mayores en jamones de cerdos en libertad que en cerdos estabulados. Después de 4 días de almacenamiento, la muestra de jamón de cerdos en libertad mostraron una menor tendencia (p < 0.10) a perder peso que aquellos de cerdos alimentados con un nivel basal de vitamina E. Estos resultados indican que cerdos Ibérico criados en libertad y alimentados con bellota y pasto incrementan su contenido en tocoferoles y mejoran el color y las pérdidas de peso de los jamones curados

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tocopherol content, weight loss and instrumental color analysis of Iberian dry-cured ham as affected by rearing and feeding systems

et al. 2009

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“…As described in our previous paper (García‐Valverde et al, 2007), the intake of freshly cut herbage as a supplement to acorns resulted in a important transfer of digesta from the small intestine to the hindgut, with a substantial decrease in ileal digestibility of nutrients and energy and a moderate decline in digestibility at the total‐tract level. Despite this reduction in nutrient and energy digestibility, protein retention was improved, due mainly to an important increase in the supply of apparent ileal digestible N to pig tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…This latter involves the dilution of fresh faeces in a bicarbonate buffer (pH 7.4) at 1:5, and incubation of the samples in nylon bags in the liquor for 24 h at 37 °C in N 2 atmosphere on a shaker. A small amount of dry matter was found to be degraded after the hulls were incubated with digestive enzymes and fermented (García‐Valverde et al, 2007). However, after the Stahmann and Woldergiorgis step, the N fraction turned out to be completely unavailable (<0.01 of total N was degraded).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two batches of acorns collected from holm‐oak trees were cleaned of extraneous material and stored in sealed 30‐μm thick, polyethylene bags at −0.5 ± 0.5 °C to minimize any loss of lipids or carbohydrates (García‐Valverde et al, 2007). The nutrient composition of the acorns is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All analyses were made in duplicate following the procedures described by García‐Valverde et al (2007). Amino acids in feeds and freeze‐dried ileal digesta samples were determined after hydrolysis in 6 n HCl plus 1% phenol in sealed, evacuated tubes at 110 °C for 24 h by HPLC according to the Waters Pico Tag method (Cohen et al, 1989) with pre‐column derivatization with phenylisothiocyanate using a Waters 2695 separation module and a Millennium 32 chromatography manager system for gradient control and data processing (Waters Cromatografía, S.A, Madrid, Spain).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Effects of herbage ingestion upon ileal digestibility of amino acids in heavy Iberian pigs fed on an acorn-based diet

García-Valverde

Nieto

Aguilera

2010

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition

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We conducted two experiments with heavy Iberian pigs to determine the ileal digestibility of amino acids (AA) in acorns and freshly cut herbage, and the effects of adding fresh herbage upon the supply of ileal digestible AA when pigs were fed on holm-oak acorns. In Experiment 1, carried out in cannulated pigs of 107 kg bodyweight (BW), daily intake of acorns reached 44.9 g DM/kg(0.75) BW. Arg, His and Thr showed the lowest apparent ileal digestibility (AID) values, whereas Met, the branched-chain AA and Phe had the highest coefficients. The AID of total EAA was 0.716 but only 0.222 for NEAA. Most of the digestive and absorptive processes of acorn protein occurred before the hindgut. Acorn provides (per kg DM) 2.27 g apparent ileal digestible Lys and 22.7 g apparent total digestible AA. Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) values for EAA, NEAA and total AA were 0.924 ± 0.020, 0.784 ± 0.041 and 0.860 ± 0.029. In Experiment 2 fresh herbage was given to six cannulated Iberian pigs of 140 kg either as a single feed (13.7 g DM/kg(0.75) BW) or as a supplement to acorns (28.4 g DM/kg(0.75) BW). When only freshly cut forage was offered the AID of the EAA, NEAA and total AA was close to 0.65 and supplied (per kg DM ingested) 5.61 g AID Lys and 91.7 g digestible AA. Standardized ileal values were 0.744 ± 0.023, 0.912 ± 0.038 and 0.831 ± 0.030 respectively. The addition of fresh forage to the acorns led to a significant decrease in AID of AA in acorn due to digesta transfer to the hindgut: His (p < 0.01), Met (p < 0.001), Phe (p = 0.092), Thr (p < 0.05) and Val (p < 0.05), but Arg, Lys and the branched-chain AA remained unaffected. The main contribution of herbage to AA nutrition of the grazing Iberian pig relies mainly on increasing the supply of digestible AA for pig tissues.

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Estimating pasture intake and nutrient digestibility of growing pigs fed a concentrate-forage diet by n-alkane and acid-insoluble ash markers

Kanga

Kanengoni

Makgothi

et al. 2012

Trop Anim Health Prod

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A study was carried out to determine voluntary forage intake and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs fed a mixed forage and concentrate diet. Twenty-five 8-week-old Large White × Landrace crossbred male pigs (27 ± 3.8 kg) were blocked by weight into five groups, and each was randomly allocated to four indoor treatments (A, B, C, and D), which received 100, 90, 80, and 70 % of ad lib concentrated intake and an outdoor treatment (E) that received 80 % of ad lib concentrate. Indoor treatments were either fed the concentrate only (A) or also received freshly cut Kikuyu grass (Pennissetum clandestinum) ad libitum (B, C, and D), while pigs on treatment E were reared outdoors in Kikuyu grass paddocks. There was a significant correlation between the amount of concentrate offered and its intake (P < 0.01). The intake of Kikuyu was similar among treatments (P > 0.05). Mean acid-insoluble ash digestibility estimates of organic and dry matter were superior to C(32) estimates (P < 0.05). Kikuyu intake was higher (P < 0.05) than the estimated intake by 0.076 ± 0.03 kg. It was concluded that Kikuyu intake was not affected by the reduction of the concentrate allowance, and this should be taken into consideration when feeding pigs on pasture.

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Effects of herbage ingestion on the digestion site and nitrogen balance in heavy Iberian pigs fed on an acorn-based diet

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Tocopherol content, weight loss and instrumental color analysis of Iberian dry-cured ham as affected by rearing and feeding systems

Tocopherol content, weight loss and instrumental color analysis of Iberian dry-cured ham as affected by rearing and feeding systems

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Effects of herbage ingestion upon ileal digestibility of amino acids in heavy Iberian pigs fed on an acorn-based diet

Estimating pasture intake and nutrient digestibility of growing pigs fed a concentrate-forage diet by n-alkane and acid-insoluble ash markers

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