Effects of hepatic function and hepatitis C virus on the nervous system assessment of advanced-stage HIV-infected individuals

Morgello, Susan; Estanislao, Lydia; Ryan, Elizabeth; Gerits, Pieter; Simpson, David M.; Verma, Susama; A, DiRocco; Sharp, Victoria L.

doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000192079.49185.f9

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In agreement with other studies, the risks of DSP and CNS OI were not higher in HIV-infected persons with HCV co-infection [25,42]. The similar prevalence of overall neurocognitive impairment between HIV-infected and HIV/HCV co-infected individuals was similar to the previous report by Ryan et al [16]; however, the prevalence of HIVassociated dementia in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals was not higher than HIV-infected individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hepatitis C virus co-infection increases neurocognitive impairment severity and risk of death in treated HIV/AIDS

Vivithanaporn

Nelles

DeBlock

et al. 2012

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hepatitis C virus co-infection increases neurocognitive impairment severity and risk of death in treated HIV/AIDS

Vivithanaporn

Nelles

DeBlock

et al. 2012

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…While effective ART has significantly improved outcomes in co-infected patients, HCV co-infection can further increase innate immune activation, which in turn is associated with higher risk of neurocognitive impairment (Ryan et al 2004; Letendre et al 2005; Morgello 2005; Morgello et al 2005; Parsons et al 2006; Brew and Letendre 2008; Hinkin et al 2008; Martin-Thormeyer and Paul 2009; Cohen et al 2011; Devlin et al 2012; The Mind Exchange Working Group 2013; Sun et al 2013). Furthermore, monocyte activation in HIV/HCV co-infected subjects has been shown to correlate with cognitive impairment even in those with suppressed plasma HIV RNA (Rempel et al 2010; Sun et al 2013).…”

Section: Practical Issues and Considerations For Inflammatory Biomarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications and Limitations of Inflammatory Biomarkers for Studies on Neurocognitive Impairment in HIV Infection

Cassol

Misra

Morgello

et al. 2013

J Neuroimmune Pharmacol

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Despite reduced prevalence of severe forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) on current antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, milder forms of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) remain prevalent in HIV-infected populations. These mild forms of HAND consist of subtypes, probably reflecting distinct, though possibly overlapping, pathophysiological mechanisms. Factors associated with HAND in HIV patients with prolonged viral suppression on ART include older age, low nadir CD4, active HCV co-infection, and cardiovascular risk factors, but underlying mechanisms and their relationship to innate immune activation, chronic inflammation, and other features of systemic disease are poorly understood. In this article, we discuss applications and limitations of plasma inflammatory biomarkers for studies on HAND in HIV patients on ART and describe an analysis pipeline to reduce common sources of noise and increase likelihood of identifying relevant inflammatory biomarkers. Clinical covariates and comorbidities that influence inflammatory biomarkers, such as aging, obesity, metabolic abnormalities, HCV co-infection, and substance abuse, are also reviewed. As an example for using this analytic pipeline, we present an exploratory study of 22 plasma inflammatory biomarkers (IFN-α 2b and -γ, 16 cytokines/chemokines, sIL-2R, sCD14, HA, and YKL-40) in a cohort of HIV-infected individuals with advanced disease, frequent HCV co-infection, and viral suppression on ART. The identification of inflammatory biomarkers associated with HAND in HIV+ patients on ART may be useful to distinguish between HAND subtypes with distinct pathophysiology, and is important for achieving a systems-level understanding of the biology of these disorders, developing effective therapies, and evaluating therapeutic outcomes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11481-013-9512-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…[14] Pachymeningitis can be due to HIV: Either HIV virus or opportunist infections occurring in HIV. [1516] It can be related to neoplasia too: Solid cancers or hemopathies. [17–19] A negative exhaustive assessment leads to diagnosis of idiopathic pachymeningitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmic pachymeningitis with visual field impairment in a single-eyed patient and a literature review

Bonnin¹,

Chiambaretta²,

Ulla³

et al. 2012

Oman J Ophthalmol

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To describe the clinical features of a patient with toxoplasmic pachymeningitis and provide a review of the recent cases of pachymeningitis in the literature.Retrospective, observational case report. A one-eyed patient who presented to our institution with blurred vision, floaters, and visual field shrinkage. Review of clinical, laboratory, perimetric, and radiologic records of the patient and description of the efficacy of antibiotic therapy. The signs of ocular impairment, including visual acuity, visual field, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes. A one-eyed patient who complained of blurred vision and unexplained visual field shrinkage was evaluated. The diagnosis of toxoplasmic pachymeningitis was confirmed by existence of a toxoplasmic seroconversion, cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities, radiological features, absence of other diagnoses, improvement of symptoms, and resolution of pachymeningitis in MRI with oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole combination.Pachymeningitis is a rare disease and toxoplasmic pachymeningitis has never been described. Among the various infectious causes, screening for toxoplasmosis must be performed because it can lead to pachymeningitis and sequelae. Variable features may lead to misdiagnosis and delay in the treatment of this sight-threatening and potentially fatal disease.

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Effects of hepatic function and hepatitis C virus on the nervous system assessment of advanced-stage HIV-infected individuals

Cited by 37 publications

References 44 publications

Hepatitis C virus co-infection increases neurocognitive impairment severity and risk of death in treated HIV/AIDS

Hepatitis C virus co-infection increases neurocognitive impairment severity and risk of death in treated HIV/AIDS

Applications and Limitations of Inflammatory Biomarkers for Studies on Neurocognitive Impairment in HIV Infection

Toxoplasmic pachymeningitis with visual field impairment in a single-eyed patient and a literature review

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