Effects of Heat Treatment on the Tribological and Corrosion Properties of Electrodeposited Ni-P Alloys.

Nava, D. F.; Davalos, Cesar Enrique Sanchez; Martínez-Hernández, A.; Manríquez, Federico; Meas, Y.; Ortega-Borges, R.; Pérez-Bueno, J.J.; Trejo, G.

doi:10.1016/s1452-3981(23)14339-2

Cited by 35 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…It is also well known that heat treatment in suitable conditions of electroless nickel coatings improves their mechanical properties [2,17,23-27] due to the formation of nickel phosphide or nickel–boride phases that are much harder than nickel [2,4,6,28-34]. This paper aims thus to investigate if the beneficial effects of heat treatment are similar for duplex coatings to those observed usually for ENP and ENB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of heat-treated duplex electroless nickel coatings

Vitry

Francq

Bonin

2019

Surface Engineering

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Electroless nickel coatings present complementary properties: coatings formed using hypophosphite present usually better corrosion resistance while those made with borohydride present better mechanical and wear properties. Duplex coatings, combining both kinds of deposits, are designed to combine features of both nickel-phosphorus (ENP) and nickel-boron (ENB) coatings. In this study, monolayer and bilayer coatings were synthesised on mild steel substrates, in various combinations of ENP and ENB, with a total thickness of 20 µm and heat treated (400°C -1 h) under non-reactive atmosphere (95% Ar-5% H 2 ) to enhance their mechanical properties. The morphology, roughness, hardness, abrasive wear resistance and scratch behaviour of the coatings were investigated. Samples with ENP as the top layer showed a higher roughness than samples with ENB as the external layer. However, samples with ENB as the top layer provided better wear resistance, even if they presented a lower combined hardness. ENB monolayer showed the best resistance to scratch testing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of heat-treated duplex electroless nickel coatings

Vitry

Francq

Bonin

2019

Surface Engineering

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Electroless Deposition

Durkin

2016

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Over the past 15 years, several legislative regulations have been implemented that have impacted the evolution of electroless technology and the chemistry platforms utilized across many industries. In year 2000, as a result of the implementation of End of Life Vehicle (ELV) 2000/53/EC Annex II and Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) 2002/95/EC regulatory introductions, specifically the electroless nickel-phosphorus technology (ENP) that had existed since the 1960s, required redevelopment to meet these demands if these coatings were to remain a viable option in the marketplace.Specific for electroless chemistry systems, these regulatory initiatives impacted the utilization of lead stabilizers and cadmium brighteners by restricting their use. Since this time, the surface finishing industry suppliers of these technologies entered a phase of reinvention for their replacement. To date, this technology rework has afforded many of the chemical suppliers and the industry educators, who focused on this chemistry, an opportunity to improve the technology through rejuvenated research and development (R&D) programs and investment for the technology. During this redevelopment period, technology suppliers providing electroless systems have been able to demonstrate many advances in replacing the original 60-year-old technology platforms where lead and cadmium were utilized as primary stabilizers and brightener species for meeting various applications in the automotive, aerospace, electronics, and industrial sectors. As a result of new investment and the success of R&D programs, this author believes the industry has reached a new platform of electroless technology development and the performance of these newer systems has surpassed ENP developed prior to 2009. Over the past several years, the technology has evolved to a fifth generation phase of development and will continue to move forward with release of improved performance systems (1). This evolution of the technology can be summarized in the following EN revolutionary historical perspective: $1955-1960 Kanigen: 7-10% P, difficult to operate, general-purpose EN, no longer a laboratory curiosity.

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