Effects of heat stress on animal physiology, metabolism, and meat quality: A review

Gonzalez-Rivas, Paula A; Chauhan, Surinder S.; Ha, Minh; Fegan, Narelle; Dunshea, Frank R.; Warner, R. D.

doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108025

Cited by 291 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Pale soft and exudative (PSE) meat may occur in chickens exposed to HS as a result of increased muscle glycolysis as demonstrated by the lower muscle pHu which may have led to paler meat with a lower water content than muscles from chickens reared under TN conditions [ 38 , 39 ]. Similarly, meat from chickens exposed to HS had lower pH, was paler, and had greater drip loss than muscles from chickens maintained under TN conditions [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dietary Sugarcane-Derived Polyphenol Mix Reduces the Negative Effects of Cyclic Heat Exposure on Growth Performance, Blood Gas Status, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens

Shakeri

Cottrell

Wilkinson³

et al. 2020

Animals

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Heat stress (HS) compromises growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens by interrupting lipid and protein metabolism, resulting in increased oxidative damages. The experiment attempted to investigate whether dietary polyphenols (Polygain (POL)) could ameliorate the aforementioned adverse effects of HS on performance and meat quality. One hundred and twenty one day-old-male chicks were allocated to two temperature conditions, thermoneutral (TN) or HS, and fed with either a control diet (CON) or the CON plus four different doses of POL (2, 4, 6 and 10 g/kg). Heat stress caused respiratory alkalosis as evidenced by increased rectal temperature (p < 0.001) and respiration rate (p < 0.001) due to increased blood pH (p < 0.001). Heat stress decreased final body weight (p = 0.061) and breast muscle water content (p = 0.013) while POL improved both (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively). Heat stress amplified muscle damages, indicated by increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (p < 0.001) and reduced myofibril fragmentation index (p = 0.006) whereas POL improved both (p = 0.037 and p = 0.092, respectively). Heat stress impaired meat tenderness (p < 0.001) while POL improved it (p = 0.003). In conclusion, HS impaired growth performance and meat quality whereas POL ameliorated these responses in a dose-dependent manner, and effects of POL were evident under both temperature conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dietary Sugarcane-Derived Polyphenol Mix Reduces the Negative Effects of Cyclic Heat Exposure on Growth Performance, Blood Gas Status, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens

Shakeri

Cottrell

Wilkinson³

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Highly significant variation of Hb, PCV, plasma glucose, total protein, and albumin has been reported for the different temperature exposure [80]. Muscle anabolic and nucleic acids synthesis is also shown to be severely hampered by HS [81].…”

Section: Protein Metabolism In Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Physiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Cattle under the Influence of Heat Stress: Consequences and Opportunities

Sammad

Wang

Umer

et al. 2020

Animals

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Higher milk yield and prolificacy of the modern dairy cattle requires high metabolism activities to support them. It causes high heat production by the body, which coupled with increasing environmental temperatures results in heat stress (HS). Production, health, and welfare of modern cattle are severely jeopardized due to their low adaptability to hot conditions. Animal activates a variety of physiological, endocrine, and behavioral mechanisms to cope with HS. Traditionally, decreased feed intake is considered as the major factor towards negative energy balance (NEBAL) leading to a decline in milk production. However, reciprocal changes related to insulin; glucose metabolism; failure of adipose mobilization; and skeletal muscle metabolism have appeared to be the major culprits behind HS specific NEBAL. There exists high insulin activity and glucose become preferential energy fuel. Physiological biochemistry of the heat stressed cows is characterized by low-fat reserves derived NEFA (non-esterified fatty acids) response, despite high energy demands. Besides these, physiological and gut-associated changes and poor feeding practices can further compromise the welfare and production of the heat-stressed cows. Better understanding of HS specific nutritional physiology and metabolic biochemistry of the dairy cattle will primarily help to devise practical interventions in this context. Proper assessment of the HS in cattle and thereby applying relevant cooling measures at dairy seems to be the basic mitigation approach. Score of the nutritional strategies be applied in the eve of HS should target supporting physiological responses of abatement and fulfilling the deficiencies possessed, such as water and minerals. Second line of abatement constitutes proper feeding, which could augment metabolic activities and synergizes energy support. The third line of supplemental supports should be directed towards modulating the metabolic (propionates, thiazolidinediones, dietary buffers, probiotics, and fermentates) and antioxidant responses (vitamins). Comprehensive understanding of the energetic metabolism dynamics under the impact of incremental heat load and complete outlook of pros and cons of the dietary ameliorating substances together with the discovery of the newer relevant supplementations constitutes the future avenues in this context.

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“…High variations in the hemoglobulin, packed cell volume, glucose, total protein, and albumin level have been observed in the plasma of thermal exposure individuals [65]. Muscle anabolism and nucleic acid synthesis biomarkers are affected [66]; markers of protein catabolism such as plasma nitrogen, 3-methyl-histidine, and creatine increases [67], while blood lysine levels are also shown to decrease under heat stress. Milk composition analysis of heat stress cow shows the alterations to alpha and beta-casein levels [36].…”

Section: Nexus Of Protein and Glucose Metabolism Under Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Milk composition analysis of heat stress cow shows the alterations to alpha and beta-casein levels [36]. It is clear that muscle catabolism supports gluconeogenesis [62], therefore muscle catabolism during heat stress leads to the deterioration of milk quality and quantity [66].…”

Section: Nexus Of Protein and Glucose Metabolism Under Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose Metabolism and Dynamics of Facilitative Glucose Transporters (GLUTs) under the Influence of Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle

Abbas

Sammad

et al. 2020

Metabolites

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Heat stress is one of the main threats to dairy cow production; in order to resist heat stress, the animal exhibits a variety of physiological and hormonal responses driven by complex molecular mechanisms. Heat-stressed cows have high insulin activity, decreased non-esterified fatty acids, and increased glucose disposal. Glucose, as one of the important biochemical components of the energetic metabolism, is affected at multiple levels by the reciprocal changes in hormonal secretion and adipose metabolism under the influence of heat stress in dairy cattle. Therefore, alterations in glucose metabolism have negative consequences for the animal’s health, production, and reproduction under heat stress. Lactose is a major sugar of milk which is affected by the reshuffle of the whole-body energetic metabolism during heat stress, contributing towards milk production losses. Glucose homeostasis is maintained in the body by one of the glucose transporters’ family called facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs encoded by SLC2A genes). Besides the glucose level, the GLUTs expression level is also significantly changed under the influence of heat stress. This review aims to describe the effect of heat stress on systemic glucose metabolism, facilitative glucose transporters, and its consequences on health and milk production.

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Effects of heat stress on animal physiology, metabolism, and meat quality: A review

Cited by 291 publications

References 154 publications

A Dietary Sugarcane-Derived Polyphenol Mix Reduces the Negative Effects of Cyclic Heat Exposure on Growth Performance, Blood Gas Status, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens

A Dietary Sugarcane-Derived Polyphenol Mix Reduces the Negative Effects of Cyclic Heat Exposure on Growth Performance, Blood Gas Status, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens

Nutritional Physiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Cattle under the Influence of Heat Stress: Consequences and Opportunities

Glucose Metabolism and Dynamics of Facilitative Glucose Transporters (GLUTs) under the Influence of Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle

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