Effects of heat stress on piglet production/performance parameters

Guo, Zhang; Liu, Di; Fu, Bo

doi:10.1007/s11250-018-1633-4

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It is known that cold environments decrease BW to maintain body temperature (Bal et al, 2016; Morrison et al, 2008), and heat stress reduces the accretion of muscle protein and developmental rate (Guo et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2022). Neonatal pigs need to maintain a warm temperature: a thermoneutral zone of 30–34°C, and the early period is extremely affected by temperature conditions; for example, heat and cold shock, because they do not have adequate muscle and fat tissue to adapt to the ambient environment (Carroll et al, 2012; Herpin et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, commercial pig breeds are sensitive to environmental changes, and seasonal changes in temperature reduced their physiological functions such as development rate, metabolism and fertility (Carroll et al, 2012; Choi et al, 2019; Claus & Weiler, 1994; Guo et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2022; Yu et al, 2021). Furthermore, heat and cold stresses induce several diseases such as pneumonia and hypothermia, and increase the mortality rate in the commercial pig (Carroll et al, 2012; Liu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal adaptation of Mangalica pigs in terms of muscle morphology and metabolism

Kim,

Nakayama,

Kondoh

et al. 2023

Anat Histol Embryol

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The skeletal muscle plays an important role in maintaining body temperature, which is mediated by thermogenesis and glucose or lipid metabolism. Mangalica is a native Hungarian pig that has cold tolerance and can live in grazing environments throughout the year. We evaluated the morphological and genetic aspects of Mangalica using muscle tissues to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the tolerance to seasonal effects in grazing environments. The muscle tissues in each season were analysed using morphological evaluation and electron microscopy. The cross‐sectional area of skeletal muscle cells in summer was significantly larger than that in winter. The thickness of myofibrils in summer was significantly higher than in winter. The thickness of the Z‐line in winter was significantly higher than in summer. The expression of MYH4 and GLUT4 was significantly lower in winter than in summer. The result of ATPase staining indicated significantly increase the muscle fibre ratio of type 1 in winter than that in summer. These findings indicate that the muscle fibre in Mangalica shifts from fast‐twitch to slow‐twitch fibre, and the metabolic physiology of the muscle was adapted to the cold environment. This study demonstrates that Mangalica gained tolerance to both seasonal heat and cold stresses that are caused by significant changes in ambient temperature in a year because of changes in their muscle fibre type and metabolic function. This study may contribute to elucidating the mechanism of thermogenetic adaptation in cold and heat environments among mammals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal adaptation of Mangalica pigs in terms of muscle morphology and metabolism

Kim,

Nakayama,

Kondoh

et al. 2023

Anat Histol Embryol

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“…Heat stress is an increasingly studied factor in many livestock species as climate change threatens to increase the number of periods with large temperature variations, and thus reduce animal health and agricultural productivity ( Guo et al, 2018 ; Alfonso et al, 2021 ; Wankar et al, 2021 ; Goel et al, 2022 ). Fast-growing chicken are particularly sensitive to heat stress due to the absence of sweat glands and limited development of cardiovascular and respiratory systems ( Brugaletta et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of embryonic thermal programming confirms increased liver fattening in mule ducks and changes in lipid metabolism

et al. 2023

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Introduction: The embryonic thermal programming (TM) in birds has been shown to impact several physiological parameters such as resistance to thermal stress, muscle growth or immunity. In mule ducks, it has recently been shown that TM can induce metabolic programming resulting in increased liver weight and fat storage after overfeeding. However, a decrease in hatchability and foie gras quality was also observed, suggesting that this technique needs to be optimized. Here, we tested a new thermal manipulation condition determined with the objective of avoiding negative impacts while maintaining or improving liver properties.Methods: The eggs of the control group were incubated at 37.6°C during the whole incubation period while those of the experimental group (TM group) were incubated at 39.3°C 16 h/24 h from the 11th day of incubation to the 21st. After hatching, all the animals were fed and raised under the same conditions until the age of 12 weeks. At this stage, one part of the animals was overfed and then slaughtered 2 h (to measure rapid changes in metabolism) or 10 h after the last meal (to obtain the best technological yields), while the other part was ration-fed and slaughtered 2 h after the last meal, at the same age.Results: An 8% increase in foie gras production was measured in the TM group compared to the control group without altering the quality of the final product (nor hatchability), confirming the successful optimization of the metabolic programming. Interestingly, these results allowed us not to reject the previously suggested hypothesis of a potential delay in metabolic processes involved in liver fattening in programmed animals, in particular by measuring a trend reversal regarding the amount of total hepatic lipids in both groups at 2 h and then 10 h after the last meal.Discussion: This study therefore validates the optimization of metabolic programming by embryonic thermal manipulation for duck liver fattening. The understanding of the mechanisms of embryonic thermal programming in birds remains today very incomplete and the search for epigenetic marks (main hypothesis of the concept of programming) at the origin of the observed phenotypes could be the next step of this work.

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“…Several studies have reported that sows subjected to temperatures above their thermal neutral zone (≥ 25°C–35°C) under controlled conditions showed negative effects on reproductive performance, including decreased litter size and an increase in the time interval between weaning and the next litter. Furthermore, the restoration normal body temperature of the sows is irregular [2–4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot environment on reproductive performance, immunoglobulins, vitamin E, and vitamin A status in sows and their progeny under commercial husbandry

Amavizca-Nazar¹,

Montalvo-Corral²,

González‐Ríos³

et al. 2019

J Anim Sci Technol

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Hot environments can affect feed intake and lactation, and the subsequent unavailability of important micronutrients to the newborn piglet can impair piglet growth, reduce the viability of newborn piglets and limit their subsequent performance. This work addresses the effects of hot environments (summer season) upon the reproductive performance of sows during gestation and lactation as well as on the serum levels of vitamins and the concentration of immunoglobulins in their litters in comparison with the winter season. Fourteen sows were evaluated over 100 ± 2 days of gestation in each season. The temperature and humidity index (THI) was used as an indirect measure of heat stress during gestation. The reproductive performance, milk yield, and body condition of the sows were recorded. The concentrations of vitamin E and vitamin A in piglets and in sow serum, colostrum, milk and feed were determined by HPLC; immunoglobulins were assessed by an ELISA. The THI index indicated that animals were subject to heat stress only in during the summer. Although the effect was not significant, there were a lower number of piglets at birth and at weaning and the milk yield in summer compared with winter. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in the body condition of sows between seasons. Season had an effect (p < 0.05) on the vitamin A concentration of postpartum sow serum (0.29 μg/mL in winter vs 0.21 μg/mL in summer) and on the vitamin E concentration before birth (2.00 μg/mL in winter vs 0.90 μg/mL in summer). Vitamin E in milk was higher (p < 0.05) in winter than in summer (2.23 vs 1.81 μg/mL). Serum levels of vitamins A and E in piglets at birth were lower (p < 0.05) in winter than in summer. The concentrations of immunoglobulins (IgG and IgA) in colostrum and milk were similar between seasons (p > 0.05), but the IgA in piglet serum was higher in winter than in summer (p < 0.05). High temperatures produced heat stress in sows, which affected certain aspects of production that can be translated into economic losses for this sector.

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Effects of heat stress on piglet production/performance parameters

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Seasonal adaptation of Mangalica pigs in terms of muscle morphology and metabolism

Seasonal adaptation of Mangalica pigs in terms of muscle morphology and metabolism

Optimization of embryonic thermal programming confirms increased liver fattening in mule ducks and changes in lipid metabolism

Hot environment on reproductive performance, immunoglobulins, vitamin E, and vitamin A status in sows and their progeny under commercial husbandry

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