Effects of HD-tDCS and crossed-facilitation on interhemispheric interactions

Comparison of repeated transcranial stimulation and transcranial direct-current stimulation on primary motor cortex excitability and inhibition: A pilot study

“…TMS measurements were tested at Baseline, immediately (Post-Stim) and 20 min (Post-Stim-20) after the end of the LF-rTMS or aHD-tDCS session. For each TMS measurement, 12 single-pulse MEPs were elicited from left and right M1 towards the contralateral extensor carpi radialis (ECR) muscle with a 5 s inter-stimulus interval; this muscle was chosen as previously used as target muscles in previous TMS studies using similar experimental design (Hendy & Kidgell, 2014;Muthalib, Cabibel, Rothwell, Teo, & Perrey, 2017;Teo et al, 2015). At the end of each time-point, three maximal M-waves (M MAX ) were alternatively and randomly evoked from the left and right ECR muscles.…”

“…Active motor threshold (AMT) was defined as the lowest TMS intensity eliciting MEPs of 200 mV peak-to-peak in 5 out of 10 trials (Rothwell et al, 1999). Corticospinal excitability was then determined for the left and right M1 at 130% of RMT and 130% of AMT (Muthalib et al, 2017;Teo et al, 2015) for resting and active MEPs, respectively. The peak-topeak amplitude of these 12 evoked MEPs were normalized to the concomitant peripheral evoked response (see nerve stimulation section) to take account of possible alterations in signal conduction at any level from the motor cortex to within the muscle.…”