Effects of haloperidol on the behavioral, subjective, cognitive, motor, and neuroendocrine effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in humans

D’Souza, Deepak Cyril; Braley, Gabriel; Blaise, Rebecca; Vendetti, Michael S.; Oliver, Stephen J.; Pittman, Brian; Ranganathan, Mohini; Bhakta, Savita; Zimolo, Z.; Cooper, Thomas B.; Perry, Edward

doi:10.1007/s00213-007-1042-2

Cited by 107 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Most often measured using word list learning tasks, with several immediate and delayed recall trials and a recognition trial, verbal learning and memory tasks have been identified as particularly sensitive to the acute (20,34,35) and chronic (18) effects of cannabis. Further clear evidence has emerged for impairing effects of acute intravenous (IV) THC (36)(37)(38)(39)(40), vaporized cannabis (41,42) and oral nabilone (43) on immediate and delayed recall and sometimes recognition accuracy. Predosing with CBD or greater CBD content in cannabis may protect against some THC-induced verbal learning and memory deficits (40,44).…”

Section: Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether working memory is impaired by cannabis is less clear, possibly because of the wide range of different working memory tasks employed. Acute administration of THC, dronabinol, or nabilone affected working memory inconsistently across Sternberg, delayed matching to sample, spatial or numeric working memory, n-back, digit recall, and digit span tasks (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)42,43,(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77)(78). Similarly, chronic cannabis use was shown to impair working memory in young adults on immediate recall (79), verbal reasoning (80), and verbal n-back (81) working memory tasks, but not on spatial working memory (48,82) or digit span (52,53), whereas spatial working memory was impaired in adolescent users (46), suggestive of differential effects in the developing brain.…”

Section: Acute and Chronic Effects Of Cannabinoids On Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further evidence has accumulated in support of acute exposure to cannabinoids impairing focused, divided, or sustained attention, often in a dosedependent manner (36,37,42,43,68,70,71,(86)(87)(88). In cases where lesser impairments were observed, this may be due to the development of tolerance among daily users (76,89,90).…”

Section: Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition—A Systematic Review

Broyd

Hell

Beale

et al. 2016

Biological Psychiatry

523

395

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Cannabis use has been associated with impaired cognition during acute intoxication as well as in the unintoxicated state in long-term users. However, the evidence has been mixed and contested, and no systematic reviews of the literature on neuropsychological task-based measures of cognition have been conducted in an attempt to synthesize the findings. We systematically review the empirical research published in the past decade (from January 2004 to February 2015) on acute and chronic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids and on persistence or recovery after abstinence. We summarize the findings into the major categories of the cognitive domains investigated, considering sample characteristics and associations with various cannabis use parameters. Verbal learning and memory and attention are most consistently impaired by acute and chronic exposure to cannabis. Psychomotor function is most affected during acute intoxication, with some evidence for persistence in chronic users and after cessation of use. Impaired verbal memory, attention, and some executive functions may persist after prolonged abstinence, but persistence or recovery across all cognitive domains remains underresearched. Associations between poorer performance and a range of cannabis use parameters, including a younger age of onset, are frequently reported. Little further evidence has emerged for the development of tolerance to the acutely impairing effects of cannabis. Evidence for potential protection from harmful effects by cannabidiol continues to increase but is not definitive. In light of increasing trends toward legalization of cannabis, the knowledge gained from this body of research needs to be incorporated into strategies to minimize harm. Review Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition-A Systematic ReviewSamantha J. Broyd, Hendrika H. van Hell, Camilla Beale, Murat Yücel, and Nadia Solowij ABSTRACT Cannabis use has been associated with impaired cognition during acute intoxication as well as in the unintoxicated state in long-term users. However, the evidence has been mixed and contested, and no systematic reviews of the literature on neuropsychological task-based measures of cognition have been conducted in an attempt to synthesize the findings. We systematically review the empirical research published in the past decade (from January 2004 to February 2015) on acute and chronic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids and on persistence or recovery after abstinence. We summarize the findings into the major categories of the cognitive domains investigated, considering sample characteristics and associations with various cannabis use parameters. Verbal learning and memory and attention are most consistently impaired by acute and chronic exposure to cannabis. Psychomotor function is most affected during acute intoxication, with some evidence for persistence in chronic users and after cessation of use. Impaired verbal memory, attention, and some executive functions may persist after prolonged abstinence, but persistenc...

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Section: Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acute and Chronic Effects Of Cannabinoids On Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition—A Systematic Review

Broyd

Hell

Beale

et al. 2016

Biological Psychiatry

523

395

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Morphine-induced rewarding effects are mediated by μ 2 -opioid receptors, followed by activation of the dopaminergic system, while the discriminative stimulus effects of morphine are not affected by dopamine-receptor antagonists and are completely attenuated by a μ 1 -opioid receptor antagonist. Furthermore, it has been reported that dopamine D 2 -receptor mechanisms may not play a major role in mediating the psychotomimetic and perception-altering effects of THC in humans (33). Thus, some effect other than a reinforcing effect, such as an antinociceptive-related or hallucinogenic effect, which is not mediated by activation of the dopaminergic system, plays a role in the discriminative stimulus effects of THC.…”

Section: Discriminative Stimulus Effects Of Cannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Hallucinogenic Drugs: a Possible Relation to Reinforcing and Aversive Effects

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The subjective effects of drugs are related to the kinds of feelings they produce, such as euphoria or dysphoria. One of the methods that can be used to study these effects is the drug discrimination procedure. Many researchers are trying to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie the discriminative stimulus effects of abused drugs (e.g., alcohol, psychostimulants, and opioids). Over the past two decades, the patterns of drug abuse have changed, so that club/recreational drugs such as phencyclidine (PCP), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and ketamine, which induce perceptual distortions, like hallucinations, are now more commonly abused, especially in younger generations. However, the mechanisms of the discriminative stimulus effects of hallucinogenic drugs are not yet fully clear. This review will briefly focus on the recent findings regarding hallucinogenic/psychotomimetic drug-induced discriminative stimulus effects in animals. In summary, recent research has demonstrated that there are at least two plausible mechanisms that can explain the cue of the discriminative stimulus effects of hallucinogenic drugs; one is mediated mainly by 5-HT 2 receptors, and the other is mediated through sigma-1 (σ 1 )-receptor chaperone regulated by endogenous hallucinogenic ligand.

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“…People with schizophrenia exhibit more severe psychotic symptoms in response to THC than healthy controls [66]. Findings have been mixed as to whether antipsychotics attenuate the psychotomimetic effects of THC in healthy subjects [67,68], and chronic antipsychotic treatment does not fully protect individuals with schizophrenia from symptom exacerbation after THC exposure [66]. Forms of cannabis that contain a higher THC content, such as the "skunk-like" or sinsemilla cannabis, commonly used in theUK, have been shown to cause more severe psychotic symptoms and increase the risk for schizophrenia to a greater degree [69,70].…”

Section: Cannabinoids and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids and Schizophrenia: Risks and Therapeutic Potential

Manseau

Goff

2015

Neurotherapeutics

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A convergence of evidence shows that use of Cannabis sativa is associated with increased risk of developing psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia, and earlier age at which psychotic symptoms first manifest. Cannabis exposure during adolescence is most strongly associated with the onset of psychosis amongst those who are particularly vulnerable, such as those who have been exposed to child abuse and those with family histories of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia that develops after cannabis use may have a unique clinical phenotype, and several genetic polymorphisms may modulate the relationship between cannabis use and psychosis. The endocannabinoid system has been implicated in psychosis both related and unrelated to cannabis exposure, and studying this system holds potential to increase understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Anandamide signaling in the central nervous system may be particularly important. Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol in cannabis can cause symptoms of schizophrenia when acutely administered, and cannabidiol (CBD), another compound in cannabis, can counter many of these effects. CBD may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of psychosis following cannabis use, as well as schizophrenia, possibly with better tolerability than current antipsychotic treatments. CBD may also have antiinflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Establishing the role of CBD and other CBD-based compounds in treating psychotic disorders will require further human research.

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Effects of haloperidol on the behavioral, subjective, cognitive, motor, and neuroendocrine effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in humans

Cited by 107 publications

References 93 publications

Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition—A Systematic Review

Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition—A Systematic Review

Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Hallucinogenic Drugs: a Possible Relation to Reinforcing and Aversive Effects

Cannabinoids and Schizophrenia: Risks and Therapeutic Potential

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