Effects of growth temperature and winter duration on leaf phenology of Erythronium japonicum, a forest spring geophyte

Yoshie, Fumio; Fukuda, Tatsuo

doi:10.1007/bf00317326

Cited by 24 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Experimental studies have shown that leaf senescence in spring ephemerals occurred under constant high light conditions (Risser and Cottam 1967;Yoshie and Fukuda 1994;Lapointe and Lerat 2006). This shows that leaf senescence is more or less independent of the light conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The most striking feature of the leaf death in spring ephemerals is that it is controlled by growth temperature and winter duration. Warm growth temperatures accelerate leaf senescence in E. japonicum (Yoshie and Fukuda 1994) and E. americanum (Lapointe and Lerat 2006). Longer chilling treatments accelerate leaf senescence in Erythronium albidum, Dicentra cucullaria (Risser and Cottam 1967) and E. japonicum (Yoshie and Fukuda 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Effects of growth temperature and winter duration on leaf phenology of a spring ephemeral (Gagea lutea) and a summergreen forb (Maianthemum dilatatum)

Yoshie

2008

J Plant Res

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Effects of growth temperature and winter duration on leaf longevity were compared between a spring ephemeral, Gagea lutea, and a forest summergreen forb, Maianthemum dilatatum. The plants were grown at day/night temperatures of 25/20 degrees C and 15/10 degrees C after a chilling treatment for variable periods at 2 degrees C. The temperature regime of 25/20 degrees C was much higher than the mean air temperatures for both species in their native habitats. Warm temperature of 25/20 degrees C and/or long chilling treatment shortened leaf longevity in G. lutea, but not in M. dilatatum. The response of G. lutea was consistent with that reported for other spring ephemerals. Air temperature increases as the vegetative season progresses. The decrease in leaf longevity in G. lutea under warm temperature condition ensures leaf senescence in summer, an unfavorable season for its growth. This also implies that early leaf senescence could occur in years with early summers. Warm spring temperatures have been shown to accelerate the leafing-out of forest trees. The decrease in leaf longevity due to warm temperature helps synchronize the period of leaf senescence roughly with the time of the forest canopy leaf-out. Prolonged winter due to late snowmelt has been shown to shorten the vegetative period for spring ephemerals. The decrease in leaf longevity due to long chilling treatment would correspond with this shortened vegetative period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of growth temperature and winter duration on leaf phenology of a spring ephemeral (Gagea lutea) and a summergreen forb (Maianthemum dilatatum)

Yoshie

2008

J Plant Res

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“…However, studies of the responses of spring ephemerals to different temperatures in the photosynthetically active phase of development are rare : the most consistent responses of these species to higher temperatures are earlier leaf emergence, more rapid rate of leaf extension, higher growth rate and shorter leaf longevity (Schemske et al, 1978 ;Yoshie & Fukuda, 1994).…”

Section: The Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Why are annual plants rarely spring ephemerals?

Mckenna

Houle

2000

New Phytologist

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The period of active growth for spring ephemeral plants coincides with the period of high light, water and nutrient availability between snow melt and canopy closure in the understorey of deciduous forests in eastern North America. However, low temperatures prevail during this period and might restrict the performance of these plants. Remarkably, this peculiar phenology is extremely rare among annual plants. To understand better the role of light and water availability and of temperature in the phenology of spring ephemeral plants, we investigated the effects of two temperature regimes (low : 16\7mC and high : 21\14mC), three water availability levels (saturated, control and drought), and three photosynthetically active photon flux densities : low (85-100 µmol m −# s −" ); intermediate (182)(183)(184)(185)(186)(187)(188)(189)(190)(191)(192)(193)(194)(195)(196) µmol m −# s −" ) ; high (437-454 µmol m −# s −" ) on the growth and reproduction of the annual Floerkea proserpinacoides. Total biomass, total leaf area and flower and seed production increased with increasing temperature, water availability and light intensity. Total leaf area and total biomass were reduced in plants that were stressed under drought. However, at high temperatures, this reduction was less pronounced when droughted plants were partially shaded. At low temperatures, plants began to senesce after approximately 9 wk, whereas at higher temperatures, signs of senescence appeared after only 7 wk of growth. Despite shorter longevity, total biomass was approximately 1n5 times higher in the control water treatment at higher than at lower temperatures as a result of greater above-ground growth, and plants allocated a significantly greater proportion of mass gain to seed production. Although F. proserpinacoides can tolerate low temperatures such as those typical of early spring, higher temperatures such as those of late spring\early summer are more favorable for growth and reproduction as long as water and light are not limiting. Spring ephemeral annuals might be rare because low temperatures reduce growth rate and extend the life cycle. An annual plant might not have time to reproduce before resource availability deteriorates with canopy closure unless reproduction begins early in the life cycle of the species.

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“…The rate of respiration of P. sieboldii buds in this dormant period may be regarded as principally reflecting maintenance respiration. In general, the seasonal dormancy of spring ephemerals ends after the plants are exposed to low soil temperatures; growth activity is then resumed (Yoshie and Fukuda 1994;Lapointe 2001). The increased rate of respiration of P. sieboldii ramets after chilling (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenological changes in rate of respiration and annual carbon balance in a perennial herbaceous plant, Primula sieboldii

et al. 2007

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Primula sieboldii E. Morren is a clonal herbaceous species with a short foliar period from spring to early summer. We have studied the temperature-dependence of the rate of respiration at the whole-ramet level throughout the phenological stages of P. sieboldii to reveal its photosynthate-utilization strategy. P. sieboldii ramets were grown in a chamber enabling simulation of seasonal changes in temperature. Rates of respiration were measured at three phenological stages--the foliar period, the before-chilling defoliated (BCD) period, and the after--chilling defoliated (ACD) period. In the foliar period the rate of respiration, on a biomass basis at 20 degrees C (R (20)), of the above-ground plant parts was 2.5 times that of the below-ground parts. The R (20) of the below-ground parts in the foliar period was 6.5 times that in the BCD period and 1.6 times that in the ACD period. Estimation of the ramet carbon balance under these growth conditions showed that ramets respired 87% of total photosynthate production during the experimental period (8.5 months). Respiratory consumption in the foliar period accounted for 70% of the yearly total, whereas 24 and 6% were consumed in the BCD and ACD periods, respectively. An extremely low rate of respiration during the long defoliated period led to a positive net annual carbon balance for P. sieboldii ramets.

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Effects of growth temperature and winter duration on leaf phenology of Erythronium japonicum, a forest spring geophyte

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of growth temperature and winter duration on leaf phenology of a spring ephemeral (Gagea lutea) and a summergreen forb (Maianthemum dilatatum)

Effects of growth temperature and winter duration on leaf phenology of a spring ephemeral (Gagea lutea) and a summergreen forb (Maianthemum dilatatum)

Why are annual plants rarely spring ephemerals?

Phenological changes in rate of respiration and annual carbon balance in a perennial herbaceous plant, Primula sieboldii

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