Effects of growth regulators on light‐dependent anthocyanin production in Zea mays seedlings

Abstract

Rengel, Z. and Kordan, H. A. 1987. Effects of growth regulators on light‐dependent anthocyanin production in Zea mays seedlings.The effects of ethylene, indolyl‐ and naphthylacetic acids, zeatin, benzyladenine, gib‐berellic acid and triiodobenzoic acid on anthocyanin production in seedlings of Zea mays L. cv. Golden Bantam were investigated. Endogenously produced and exogen‐ously supplied ethylene, as well as the other growth regulators tested markedly suppressed anthocyanin formation. Except for triiodobenzoic acid, the other growth regulators stimulated ethylene production, the amounts produced in the light being larger than those in the dark. Absorption of ethylene by permanganate as well as inhibition of ethylene production or action by Co2+ or Ag+ increased anthocyanin formation in maize seedlings above the level found in the control plants. The inhibiting effect of auxins and cytokinins on anthocyanin production was reversed by Co2+ or Ag+. In contrast, decreased anthocyanin formation caused by gibberellic acid or triiodobenzoic acid seemed unrelated to ethylene and could not be alleviated by Co2+ or Ag+.

Ethylene Suppression of Sugar-Induced Anthocyanin Pigmentation in Arabidopsis

“…Ethylene inhibits anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis seedlings grown in the presence of Suc and light. Anthocyanin accumulation is promoted when ethylene binding is blocked by silver or when its synthesis is inhibited by AVG (Craker and Wetherbee, 1973;Kang and Burg, 1973;Rengel and Kordan, 1987). As in the ethylene triple response (Kendrick and Chang, 2008;Yoo et al, 2009), ethylene suppression of anthocyanin accumulation is probably initiated by the binding of ethylene to redundant receptors such as ETR1, ETR2, ERS1, and ERS2, with ETR1 possibly playing a dominant regulatory role, as suggested previously ( Fig.…”

“…Ethylene markedly suppresses anthocyanin accumulation (Craker and Wetherbee, 1973;Kang and Burg, 1973), while the Co 2+ -mediated inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis and the prevention of ethylene activity by silver increases the anthocyanin content of corn seedlings (Rengel and Kordan, 1987). Likewise, the petals of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants expressing a mutated melon (Cucumis melo) ethylene receptor gene, ethylene response1 (ETR1 H69A ), accumulate higher levels of anthocyanins than control plants (Takada et al, 2005).…”

“…Plant hormones such as auxin and abscisic acid (Jeong et al, 2004;Hoth et al, 2010), gibberellins (Weiss et al, 1995), cytokinin (Deikman and Hammer, 1995), and ethylene (Morgan and Drew, 1997) differentially regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in whole plants as well as in cell suspensions (Ozeki and Komamine, 1986). Ethylene markedly suppresses anthocyanin accumulation (Craker and Wetherbee, 1973;Kang and Burg, 1973), while the Co 2+ -mediated inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis and the prevention of ethylene activity by silver increases the anthocyanin content of corn seedlings (Rengel and Kordan, 1987). Likewise, the petals of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants expressing a mutated melon (Cucumis melo) ethylene receptor gene, ethylene response1 (ETR1 H69A ), accumulate higher levels of anthocyanins than control plants (Takada et al, 2005).…”

Sugar-Hormone Cross-Talk in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

“…Ethylene also plays a negative regulatory role in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Anthocyanin accumulation in red cabbage grown in the dark and etiolated cabbage was markedly suppressed by ethylene (Craker and Wetherbee, 1973;Kang and Burg, 1973) and the inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis by cobalt increased anthocyanin accumulation in corn (Rengel and Kordan, 1987). Transgenic tobacco transformed with the ethylene receptor gene was used to demonstrate the role of ethylene as a negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis.…”

The rhd6 Mutation of Arabidopsis thaliana Alters Root-Hair Initiation through an Auxin- and Ethylene-Associated Process

“…Auxin is thought to affect polarity in plants, and the hormone ethylene has been linked to auxin action in some instances (Morgan and Gausman, 1966;Buchner and Pilet, 1983;Wood, 1985;Rengel and Kordan, 1987). Therefore, we wanted to determine whether auxin and/or ethylene affected the site of root-hair emergence.…”