Effects of Growth Phase and Cell Density on Cryptogein-induced Programmed Cell Death in Suspension-cultured Tobacco BY-2 Cells: Development of a Model System for 100% Efficient Hypersensitive Cell Death

Sawai, Yu; Tamotsu, Satoshi; Kuchitsu, Kazuyuki; Sakai, Atsushi

doi:10.1508/cytologia.75.389

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…4) and induction of genes related to HR cell death (Hin1 and HSR203J). Genes related to phytoalexin synthesis (PAL, HMGR, and OMT) and a subset of PR protein genes was also activated during the process (Sawai et al 2010). In addition, the HR cells were found to secrete unidentified chemical signal(s) that led to induction of defenserelated genes in neighboring cells (as reported by Chappell et al 1997).…”

Section: Induction Of Programmed Cell Death In By-2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…This problem was finally solved by the establishment of our novel HR model system in which BY-2 and an oomycete-derived proteinaceous elicitor, cryptogein were used. In this system, programmed cell-death was induced with 100% efficiency in BY-2 cells in response to cryptogein application (Sawai et al 2010), which, for the first time, allowed us to investigate the pure behavior of HR cells, by completely excluding surviving cells that are not committed to cell death.…”

Section: Induction Of Programmed Cell Death In By-2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytological Studies on Proliferation, Differentiation, and Death of BY-2 Cultured Tobacco Cells

et al. 2015

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Summary A procedure for the simultaneous isolation of mitochondrial and plastid nucleoids was first established in BY-2 cells. Biochemical analysis suggested the presence of nucleosome-like repetitive structural units in both of the plant organelle nucleoids. The isolated organelle nucleoids were also used for establishment of in vitro transcription/DNA synthesis systems, with which regulation of organelle genomes during proliferation and differentiation was investigated. The results revealed that transient and synchronous activation of DNA synthesis occurred in mitochondria and plastids in the initial phase of cell proliferation, which was caused by a transient activation of dually-targeted organelle DNA polymerase genes. Another series of investigations revealed a drastic difference in the transcription activity between BY-2 proplastids and leaf chloroplasts, which was brought about by differential use of bacterial-and phage-type plastid RNA polymerases. To investigate regulation of plastid gene expression further, a procedure to induce amyloplast formation in BY-2 cells was established. Various changes observed during this process were collectively similar to those observed during root cap cell differentiation. BY-2 cells were also used to develop a novel model system for programmed cell death during hypersensitive reaction (HR), in which we have succeeded in inducing programmed cell death with 100% efficiency by application of an elicitor. This system revealed that the HR cells activated anti-microbial defense mechanism by themselves and transmitted signal(s) to establish acquired resistance in neighboring cells, while executing cell-death program. Thus, BY-2 cells have taught us a lot about proliferation, differentiation, and death of plant cells.

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Section: Induction Of Programmed Cell Death In By-2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Induction Of Programmed Cell Death In By-2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytological Studies on Proliferation, Differentiation, and Death of BY-2 Cultured Tobacco Cells

et al. 2015

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“…Cryptogein, a microbial elicitor triggered stomatal closure, and elevated ROS/NO levels in guard cells of A. thaliana ( Figures 1 , 2 ). Besides guard cells, cryptogein has been known to be a potent microbial elicitor in inducing several defense responses, but mostly in tobacco ( Montillet et al, 2005 ; Sawai et al, 2010 ; Kurusu et al, 2013 ; Rosnoblet et al, 2017 ). Similarly, harpin has also been extensively documented for its defense responses again mostly in tobacco ( Chen et al, 2008 ; Boureau et al, 2011 ; Chang et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal Closure and Rise in ROS/NO of Arabidopsis Guard Cells by Tobacco Microbial Elicitors: Cryptogein and Harpin

et al. 2017

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Plants use stomatal closure mediated by elicitors as the first step of the innate immune response to restrict the microbial entry. We present a comprehensive study of the effect of cryptogein and harpin, two elicitors from microbial pathogens of tobacco, on stomatal closure and guard cell signaling components in Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant. Cryptogein as well as harpin induced stomatal closure, while elevating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in the guard cells of A. thaliana. Kinetic studies with fluorescent dyes revealed that the rise in ROS levels preceded that of NO in guard cells, when treated with these two elicitors. The restriction of NO levels in guard cells, even by ROS modulators indicates the essentiality of ROS for NO production during elicitor-triggered stomatal closure. The signaling events during elicitor-induced stomatal closure appear to converge at NADPH oxidase and ROS production. Our results provide the first report on stomatal closure associated with rise in ROS/NO of guard cells by cryptogein and harpin in A. thaliana. Our results establish that A. thaliana can be used to study stomatal responses to the typical elicitors from microbial pathogens of other plants. The suitability of Arabidopsis opens up an excellent scope for further studies on signaling events leading to stomatal closure by microbial elicitors.

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Effects of Growth Phase and Cell Density on Cryptogein-induced Programmed Cell Death in Suspension-cultured Tobacco BY-2 Cells: Development of a Model System for 100% Efficient Hypersensitive Cell Death

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Cytological Studies on Proliferation, Differentiation, and Death of BY-2 Cultured Tobacco Cells

Cytological Studies on Proliferation, Differentiation, and Death of BY-2 Cultured Tobacco Cells

Stomatal Closure and Rise in ROS/NO of Arabidopsis Guard Cells by Tobacco Microbial Elicitors: Cryptogein and Harpin

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