Effects of growth hormone on thyroid function are mediated by type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in humans

Yamauchi, Ichiro; Sakane, Yoriko; Yamashita, Takafumi; Hirota, Keisho; Ueda, Yohei; Kanai, Yugo; Yamashita, Yui; Kondo, Eri; Fujii, Toshihito; Taura, Daisuke; Sone, Masakatsu; Yasoda, Akihiro; Inagaki, Nobuya

doi:10.1007/s12020-017-1495-y

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is an important relationship between the GH-IGF-1 axis and obesity [8][9][10]40], and circulating GH modulates the thyroid axis. Circulating GH levels increased serum FT3 and decreased serum FT4 in humans [41]. Treatment with GH in adults with GH deficiency causes variable changes in thyroid function, the most consistent effect being decreased circulating thyroxine levels [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Central Resistance to Thyroid Hormones in Morbidly Obese Subjects Is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss

Juiz-Valiña

Cordido

Outeiriño-Blanco

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endocrine abnormalities are common in obesity, including altered thyroid function. The altered thyroid function of obesity may be due to a mild acquired resistance to the thyroid hormone. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of weight loss after bariatric surgery (BS) on resistance to thyroid hormones in patients with extreme obesity compared with a control group. We performed an observational study evaluating patients with extreme obesity who underwent BS. We included 106 patients (83 women) and 38 controls (24 women). The primary endpoint was the thyrotroph thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) index (TSHRI). The parameters were studied before and after surgery. TSHRI and TT4RI were higher in the obese patients than in the control group. TT4RI and TSHI decreased significantly over time after surgery, with this decrease being associated with the excessive body mass index (BMI) loss and C-reactive protein (CRP). In extreme obesity, BS promotes a significant decrease in the increased TT4RI and TSHI. This decrease of TT4RI and TSHI is progressive over time after BS and significantly associated with excess BMI lost and CRP. Extreme obesity is characterized by a mild reversible central resistance to thyroid hormones.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Central Resistance to Thyroid Hormones in Morbidly Obese Subjects Is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss

Juiz-Valiña

Cordido

Outeiriño-Blanco

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thyroid hormones act at many sites from the hypothalamic control of GH release to the tissue expression of IGF-1 [ 44 ]. Circulating GH levels increased serum free triiodothyronine and decreased serum FT4 in humans [ 45 ]. GH replacement therapy in adult subjects with GH deficiency syndrome causes different alterations in thyroid function, the most common being the decrease in circulating thyroxine levels [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered GH-IGF-1 Axis in Severe Obese Subjects is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss and Related with Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation

Juiz-Valiña

Pena-Bello

Cordido

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endocrine disorders are common in obesity, including altered somatotropic axis. Obesity is characterized by reduced growth hormone (GH) secretion, although the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) values are controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of weight loss after bariatric surgery in the GH–IGF-1 axis in extreme obesity, in order to investigate IGF-1 values and the mechanism responsible for the alteration of the GH–IGF-1 axis in obesity. We performed an interventional trial in morbidly obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery. We included 116 patients (97 women) and 41 controls (30 women). The primary endpoint was circulating GH and IGF-1 values. Circulating IGF-1 values were lower in the obese patients than in the controls. Circulating GH and IGF-1 values increased significantly over time after surgery. Post-surgery changes in IGF-1 and GH values were significantly negatively correlated with changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and free T4 values. After adjusting for preoperative body mass index (BMI), free T4 and CRP in a multivariate model, only CRP was independently associated with IGF-1 values in the follow-up. In summary, severe obesity is characterized by a functional hyposomatotropism at central and peripheral level that is progressively reversible with weight loss, and low-grade chronic inflammation could be the principal mediator.

show abstract

“…Several studies have demonstrated the effects of GH treatment on thyroid function in patients with GH deficiency and hypopituitarism (Glynn et al, ; Losa et al, ; Porretti et al, ). The effects of GH treatment on thyroid gland functions could be understood as the modulatory effect of GH treatment on transmission of fT4 to T3 or reverse T3 in peripheral tissues, the inhibition of TSH due to an increase in somatostatinergic tonus by IGF‐1, and the negative feedback on pituitary gland due to increased T3 production (Yamauchi et al, ). A limited number of investigations have been conducted to detect the effect of GH treatment on thyroid function in patients with PWS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of growth hormone treatment on thyroid function in pediatric patients with Prader–Willi syndrome

Oto

Murakami

Matsubara

et al. 2020

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is unclear whether hypothyroidism is present in patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). This study aimed to clarify the state of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis and the effects of growth hormone (GH) treatment on thyroid function in pediatric patients with PWS. We retrospectively evaluated thyroid function in 51 patients with PWS before GH treatment using a thyroid‐releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test (29 males and 22 females; median age, 22 months). We also evaluated the effect of GH therapy on thyroid function by comparing serum free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years after GH therapy. TSH, fT4, and fT3 levels were 2.28 μU/ml (interquartile range [IQR]; 1.19–3.61), 1.18 ng/dl (IQR; 1.02–1.24), and 4.02 pg/dl (IQR; 3.54–4.40) at baseline, respectively. In 49 of 51 patients, the TSH response to TRH administration showed a physiologically normal pattern; in two patients (4.0%), the pattern suggested hypothalamic hypothyroidism (delayed and prolonged TSH peak after TRH administration). TSH, fT4, and fT3 levels did not change significantly during 1 or 2 years after GH treatment. The TSH response to TRH showed a normal pattern in most patients, and thyroid function did not change significantly during the 2 years after initiating GH treatment.

show abstract

Effects of growth hormone on thyroid function are mediated by type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in humans

Abstract: GH increased serum fT3 level and decreased serum fT4 level in humans. Our results suggest that its mechanism involves D2 upregulation. Considering this GH effect on thyroid hormone metabolism, data on thyroid function could be useful in the management of GH deficiency and acromegaly.

Cited by 36 publications

References 36 publications

Central Resistance to Thyroid Hormones in Morbidly Obese Subjects Is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss

Central Resistance to Thyroid Hormones in Morbidly Obese Subjects Is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss

Altered GH-IGF-1 Axis in Severe Obese Subjects is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss and Related with Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation

Effects of growth hormone treatment on thyroid function in pediatric patients with Prader–Willi syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About