Effects of Group Counseling Program Based on Goal Attainment Theory for Middle School Students with Emotional and Behavioral Problems

Abstract

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a group counseling program based on goal attainment theory on self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, and school adjustment of middle school students with emotional and behavioral problems. Methods: Forty-four middle school students with emotional and behavioral problems (22 in the experimental group and 22 in the control group) from G city participated in this study. Data were collected from July 30 to September 24, 2015. The experimental group received the 8-session program, scheduled once a week, with each session lasting 45 minutes. Outcome variables included self-esteem, interpersonal relationship, and school adjustment. Results: There were significant increases for self-esteem (t=3.69, p=.001), interpersonal relationship (t=8.88, p<.001), and school adjustment (t=4.92, p<.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: These results indicate that the group counseling program based on goal attainment theory is very effective in increasing self-esteem, interpersonal relationship, and school adjustment for middle school students with emotional and behavioral problems. Therefore, it is recommended that the group counseling program based on goal attainment theory be used as an effective psychiatric nursing intervention for mental health promotion and the prevention of mental illness in adolescents.

Konseling Kelompok Behavioral: Metode Alternatif Meningkatkan Afiliasi Diri

“…Untuk mengupayakan supaya siswa dengan afiliasi diri rendah dapat segera tertangani, peneliti membantu menerapkan konseling kelompok behavioral menggunakan teknik pemberian contoh/modeling. Konseling kelompok behavioral merupakan kegiatan belajar melalui situasi kelompok dengan upaya mengubah perilaku yang tidak menyenangkan menjadi tingkah laku yang baik dan dilakukan dalam proses belajar untuk terjadinya perubahan (Jeong & Kim, 2017). Menurut (Putri & Sedanayasa, 2016) teknik modeling adalah proses pemberian wawasan baru melalui kegiatan observasi, meniru perilaku orang lain yang dijadikan sebagai model atau orang yang berada disekitar kita.…”

Effects of Nurse-Led Intervention Programs Based on Goal Attainment Theory: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…After reviewing the remaining 71 articles, we eliminated 53 for the following reasons: inappropriate subjects, improper study designs, and inappropriate outcomes for 19, 32, and two articles, respectively (Figure 2). Finally, 18 papers were selected (n = 18, References [18][19][20][21][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]).…”

“…The main concepts of the goal attainment theory (1981) comprise identifying a problem through actions, reactions, or interactions, mutual goal setting, seeking ways to achieve the goal, agreement on the method to accomplish it, and transaction and goal attainment [11]. Attaining this goal includes four main elements: (1) Health is achieved through appropriate patient-nurse relationships; (2) nurses and patients must have a mutual understanding of each other; (3) their goals and functions need to be in line with each other; and (4) a nurse needs to use his or her knowledge wholly to establish the relationship and set goals [12,13].…”

Development of Group Counseling Guide With Relaxation, Systematic Desensitization, and Flooding Techniques to Reduce Interaction Anxiety

“…According to Briesch DuBois et al ( 2017), the goal of group counseling includes enhancing abilities, talents, attention, and other skills, especially communication. Through group counseling activities, students are prepared to quickly adapt to peers in the group, learn to interact, and communicate within their group (Jeong & Kim, 2017).…”