Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Vascular Endothelial Function in Participants with Prehypertension: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Odai, Tamami; Terauchi, Masakazu; Kato, Kiyoko; Hirose, Asuka; Matsuda, Naoyuki

doi:10.3390/nu11122844

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The high antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities of proanthocyanidins make them an interesting class of phytonutrients for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases [ 7 , 8 ]. An additional benefit is their natural dentin cross-linker activity and inhibition of MMPs, which may be helpful in adhesive dentistry [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proanthocyanidins and Flavan-3-Ols in the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis—Antibacterial Effects

et al. 2021

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Flavan-3-ols and their oligomeric forms called proanthocyanidins are polyphenolic compounds occurring in several foodstuffs and in many medicinal herbs. Their consumption is associated with numerous health benefits. They exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, as well as antimicrobial activity. The latter property is important in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Periodontitis is a multifactorial polymicrobial infection characterized by a destructive inflammatory process affecting the periodontium. Using non-toxic and efficient natural products such as flavanol derivatives can significantly contribute to alleviating periodontitis symptoms and preventing the disease’s progress. Therefore, a comprehensive systematic review of proanthocyanidins and flavan-3-ols in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis was performed. The present paper reviews the direct antibacterial effects of these compounds against periodontic pathogens. The immunomodulatory effects, including animal and clinical studies, are included in a separate, parallel article. There is significant evidence supporting the importance of the antibacterial action exerted by proanthocyanidins from edible fruits, tea, and medicinal herbs in the inhibition of periodontitis-causing pathogens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proanthocyanidins and Flavan-3-Ols in the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis—Antibacterial Effects

et al. 2021

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“…The change in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) from baseline to 8 weeks was significantly higher in the low-dose and high-dose groups than in the placebo group ( p < 0.05) [ 17 ]. Additionally, Odai et al showed in a randomized, double-blind study of 21 non-smoking middle-aged women (including men), the oral intake of grape seed proanthocyanidins significantly reduced the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and DBP by 13.1 and 6.5 mmHg, respectively, in the high-dose (400 mg proanthocyanidin per day) group after 12 weeks of intervention [ 24 ]. A cohort study reported the anti-hypertensive effect of proanthocyanidins on middle-aged and elderly women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diverse Efficacy of Food-Derived Proanthocyanidins for Middle-Aged and Elderly Women

Izumi

Terauchi

2020

Nutrients

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Middle-aged and elderly women are affected by various symptoms and diseases induced by estrogen deficiency. Proanthocyanidins, widely present in many kinds of fruits and berries, have many beneficial effects, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. We researched the effects of proanthocyanidins for middle-aged and elderly women, finding that it has been revealed in many clinical trials and cohort studies that proanthocyanidins contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, obesity, cancer, osteoporosis, and urinary tract infection, as well as the improvement of menopausal symptoms, renal function, and skin damage. Thus, proanthocyanidins can be considered one of the potent representatives of complementary alternative therapy.

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“…Two clinical trials have already shown the potential for supplementation with GSEP to reduce blood pressure in non-pregnant patients with pre-hypertension ( Park et al, 2016 ; Odai et al, 2019 ). In addition, a previous preclinical study investigated the effect of intragastric administration of GSEP in pregnancy, using the L-NAME-induced hypertensive mouse model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape Seed Extract Polyphenols Improve Resistance Artery Function in Pregnant eNOS–/– Mice

et al. 2020

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Hypertension during pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide, increasing the risk of complications including preeclampsia, intracerebral hemorrhage and fetal growth restriction. Increased oxidative stress is known to contribute to poor vascular function; however, trials of antioxidant supplementation have raised concerns about fetal outcomes, including risk of low birthweight. Grape seed extract polyphenols (GSEP) have been suggested to promote cardiovascular protection, at least in part through antioxidant actions. We tested the hypothesis that administration of GSEP during pregnancy would reduce oxidative stress and improve resistance artery function with no detrimental effects on fetal growth, in an established model of maternal hypertension associated with vascular dysfunction, the endothelial NO synthase knockout (eNOS −/−) mouse. Pregnant C57BL/6J (WT) and eNOS −/− mice received either GSEP (200 mg/kg/day) or drinking water, between gestational (GD) day 10.5 and GD18.5. At GD17.5, maternal systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured; at GD18.5, maternal malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, vascular function of aortic, mesenteric, uterine and posterior cerebral arteries was assessed, and fetal outcome evaluated. GSEP reduced maternal SBP (P < 0.01) and plasma MDA concentrations (P < 0.01) in eNOS −/− mice. Whilst there was no effect of GSEP on vascular reactivity of aortas, GSEP improved endothelial-dependent relaxation in mesenteric and uterine arteries of eNOS −/− mice (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) and normalized lumen diameters of pressurized posterior cerebral arteries in eNOS −/− mice (P < 0.001). Supplementation with GSEP had no effect in WT mice and did not affect fetal outcomes in either genotype. Our data suggest that GSEP improve resistance artery function, potentially through antioxidant actions, and provide a basis to further investigate these beneficial effects including in the prevention of intracerebral hemorrhage. Maternal supplementation with GSEP may be a safe intervention to improve outcomes in pregnancies associated with hypertension and vascular dysfunction.

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Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Vascular Endothelial Function in Participants with Prehypertension: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Cited by 57 publications

References 65 publications

Proanthocyanidins and Flavan-3-Ols in the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis—Antibacterial Effects

Proanthocyanidins and Flavan-3-Ols in the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis—Antibacterial Effects

The Diverse Efficacy of Food-Derived Proanthocyanidins for Middle-Aged and Elderly Women

Grape Seed Extract Polyphenols Improve Resistance Artery Function in Pregnant eNOS–/– Mice

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