“…Hence, the effect of material gradients was shown to manifest itself through the values of crack-tip stress intensity factors. A number of additional contributions in the quasi-static crack problems were reported, among others, by Choi (2001aChoi ( , 2007a, Paulino et al (2003) and Chan et al (2008), while those addressing the elastodynamic response to impact loading are due to Choi (2004Choi ( , 2006Choi ( , 2007b, Lee & Choi (2006) and Song & Paulino (2006). In addition, the crack problems involving the thermoelastically graded properties were dealt with by Lee & Erdogan (1998), Choi (2003), Walters et al (2004) and Dag (2006).…”