Effects of glucosamine-chondroitin combination on synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2 levels in internal derangements of temporomandibular joint

Abstract

BackgroundThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of glucosamine-chondroitin sulphate combination on internal derangements of temporomandibular joint in clinical and biochemical manners.Material and MethodsThis randomized clinical study included 31 cases reporting joint tenderness, in which disc displacement was detected on MR imaging. In all patients, synovial fluid sampling was performed under local anesthesia. In the study group, the patients were prescribed a combination of 1500 mg glucosamine and 1200 mg chondroitin sulphate, while patients in the control group were only prescribed 50 mg tramadol HCl (twice daily) for pain control. After 8 weeks, synovial fluid sampling was repeated in the same manner. The levels of pain, maximum mouth opening (MMO), synovial fluid IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2 measured before and after pharmacological intervention were compared.ResultsThe reduction in pain levels was significant in both groups. There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of pain reduction. The improvement in MMO was significant in the study group but it was not in the control group. The MMO improvement was significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group. In the study group, significant decrease was observed in PGE2 level, while the decreases in IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were not significant. In the control group, no significant decrease was observed in any of the inflammatory cytokines after 8 weeks, moreover IL-1ß and IL-6 levels were increased. Alterations of IL-1ß and IL-6 levels were significant in study group while TNF-α and PGE2 levels were not, compared to control group.ConclusionsIn conclusion, these results might suggest that glucosamine-chondroitin combination significantly increases the MMO and decreases the synovial fluid IL1β and IL6 levels in internal derangements of TMJ compared to tramadol. The modifications of synovial fluid TNF-α and PGE2 levels do not reach statistical significance. This combination also provides efficient pain relief in similar level with tramadol, a narcotic analgesic. Key words: Chondroitin sulphate, glucosamine, internal derangement, TMJ, tramadol.

Reduction of osteoarthritis severity in the temporomandibular joint of rabbits treated with chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine

“…Late beneficial effects of CS+G were observed on TMJ tissues with OA. Previous studies of CS+G treatments have shown positive results in improving symptoms [32,35]. However, the authors are unaware of a previous study that showed positive effects of CS+G used as DMOADs in TMJ-OA in an animal model.…”

“…Clinical trials evaluating the use of CS+G for the symptomatic treatment of TMJ dysfunction have reported different levels of efficacy [32][33][34][35]. However, to date, no study has assessed the effects of CS and G used as DMOADs in TMJ-OA.…”

Joint health: What degree of evidence is necessary to support health claims for food supplements, taking glucosamine as an example?

“…Inflammatory markers were measured in the synovial fluid. Supplementation with glucosamine and chondroitinsignificantly reduced inflammatory markers compared to a control group using a narcotic analgesic, confirming the anti-inflammatory properties at the site of action[27].…”

Effects of glucosamine supplements on painful temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: A systematic review

“…In phase 2, a full‐text reading was performed, and three studies matched the inclusion criteria . From studies not considered for inclusion, 1 was excluded because the full text was not available, while other eight did not meet the inclusion criteria . A full description of reasons for exclusion is presented in Appendix .…”