Effects of Global Change, Including UV and UV Screening Compounds

The interactive effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change on aquatic ecosystems

“…17 Interactive effects of nutrient supply and UV radiation show that UV radiation changes macroalgal biomass, community composition, and increases the levels of compounds that protect against UV radiation. 6,176 Thus, UV radiation combined with other environmental variables can affect the quality of food (i.e., commercial seaweeds, or food and shelter for fish). 6,17,23 Corals and calcified algae are potentially more affected by acidification and high solar UV irradiance than non-calcified species; although, in several species, the increase of photosynthetic rate due to increased CO 2 supply can ameliorate the adverse effects of these stressors.…”

Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids (MAAs) Profile of Two Marine Red Macroalgae, Gelidium sp. and Ceramium sp.

“…Thus, UVR negatively affects the process of carbon fixation which is reflected in terms of decreased photosynthetic efficiency. The passive screening of UVR by MAAs is one of the photoprotective mechanisms developed by several macroalgae against UVR (Sinha et al, 2007;Häder, 1997;Sinha et al, 1998Sinha et al, , 2000Carreto and Carignan, 2011;Kannaujiya et al 2014;Richa et al, 2016). MAAs are known to absorb UVR and dissipate energy as harmless heat, and were estimated to prevent 3 out of 10 photons of UV-B radiation from hitting cytoplasmic targets in a cell (Garcia-Pichel et al, 1993).…”