Effects of gibberellic acid on water uptake and germination of sweet sorghum seeds under salinity stress

Abstract

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) is a potential feedstock crop in biomass energy development, and is much more resistant to saline soils than crops. Healthy seed germination is critical for the growth cycle of plants, and determines the establishment of seedlings and subsequent crop production. High salinity conditions can result in difficulty for seed germination and delays the germination period. So, screening salt-tolerant genotypes and method for healthy seed germination under salinity stress are vital to crop production and food security. Therefore, a controlled study was conducted to explore the interactive amendment effects of exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) and salinity on seed germination process of sweet sorghum. Seeds were presoaked in different levels of GA3 water solutions (0, 144, 288, and 576 μM) and then cultivated in gradient NaCl solutions (0, 50 and 100 mM). The effects of salinity and external GA3 on seed water uptake and germination characteristics were investigated. Compared with the effects of 0 μM GA3 at 0 mM NaCl, slight salt stress of 50 mM NaCl improved the cumulative water uptake, germination and germination index, but high salinity level of 100 mM NaCl significantly inhibited these germination traits. However, either 100 mM NaCl or 576 μM GA3 had significantly negative effects on seed cumulative water uptake, cumulative germination, germination index, and length of germ and radicle. The appropriate concentration of GA3 prominently relieved salt stress and improved the seed germination of sorghum seeds, and the optimum concentration for seed germination of sweet sorghum was 288 μM GA3 at each salinity level.

Effects of Different Salt Concentrations on Germination and Seedling Growth of Some Sweet Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor var. saccharatum (L.) Mohlenbr.] Cultivars

“…Germination and quality seedling development do depend on the characteristics of the seed material, as well as on many existing biotic and abiotic stress factors in the growth environment, especially soil salinity. Although sweet sorghum species are more tolerant to salt stress compared to traditional crops (such as wheat and rice) (Ratanavathi et al, 2004), poor germination under severe salt stress is one of the most important problems limiting sweet sorghum production (Zhu et al, 2019). It is well known that an increase in salt dose negatively affects germination, growth, and development, and the most sensitive time to salinity during the development of plants is germination.…”

Mitigation of Salinity Stress on Chickpea Germination by Salicylic Acid Priming

“…K + plays a significant role in osmoregulation, stomatal behavior, cell expansion, enzyme activity, membrane polarization, and neutralization of negative ions (Qin et al, 2010). Moreover, Na + and Clions can enter into the cells and cause toxic effects on both cell membranes and metabolic activities in the cytosol (Cha-Um and Kirdmanee, 2010;Zhu et al, 2019).…”

Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense in Plants under Salinity

“…In addition, nutrient imbalance is a common phenomenon in salt stress conditions, caused by reduced water uptake and translocation, as a consequence of accumulated Na + and Cl − ions in the cytoplasm [72]. A reduction in the RWC was also reported in T. aestivum [60], O. sativa [70,73] and Sorghum bicolor [74].…”