Effects of ghrelin on insulin and glucagon secretion: a study of isolated pancreatic islets and intact mice

Salehi, Albert; Cour, Charlotta Dornonville de la; Håkanson, R.; Lundquist, Ingmar

doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2003.12.001

Cited by 116 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Some reports suggested that ghrelin either stimulates [18,19,22] or inhibits insulin secretion depending on the experimental condition [23,24]. There have been also some claims that insulin (and / or glucose) lowers circulating ghrelin [25]. These findings suggest that ghrelin plays both physiological and pathophysiological roles in insulin release that should be further investigated.…”

Section: Ghrelin Level Versus Insulin Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It seems that AG and UAG might be involved in the energy metabolism by modulating the release of one of its most crucial hormones, insulin and that AG and UAG might have different, even opposite effects, despite the fact that contradictory effects of ghrelin on insulin release on pancreatic cells have also been published [25].…”

Section: Ghrelin Level Versus Insulin Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

Farajallah¹,

Ahmed²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2014

iosrphr

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Section: Ghrelin Level Versus Insulin Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ghrelin Level Versus Insulin Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

Farajallah¹,

Ahmed²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2014

iosrphr

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“…In addition, ghrelin may also regulate some peripheral effects of insulin. Thus, ghrelin hampers insulin's capacity to suppress endogenous glucose production, whereas it reinforces the action of insulin on glucose disposal in mice [66], inhibits secretion of the insulin-sensitizing protein adiponectin from adipocytes [112] and stimulates secretion of the counter-regulatory hormones, including GH, cortisol and epinephrine [97] and possibly glucagon [124]. Acute ghrelin administration in humans increases plasma glucose levels [14].…”

Section: Glucose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin: Three pieces of the same puzzle

2008

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a b s t r a c tThe major active product of ghrelin gene is a 28-amino acid peptide acylated at the serine 3 position with an octanoyl group, called simply ghrelin. Ghrelin has a multiplicity of physiological functions, affecting GH release, food intake, energy and glucose homeostasis, This suggests the existence of a novel endocrine system with multiple effector elements which not only may have opposite actions but may regulate the action of each other. In this review, we summarize the steps which lead to the production of the different ghrelin gene products and examine the most significant differences between them in terms of structure and actions.

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“…However, while the effects of acyl ghrelin on insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion have attracted some interest (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31), few laboratories have examined the effects of the proghrelin-derived peptides on the fourth islet hormone pancreatic polypeptide (PP). In healthy volunteers, injection of ghrelin was found to raise circulating levels of PP (32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proghrelin peptides: Desacyl ghrelin is a powerful inhibitor of acylated ghrelin, likely to impair physiological effects of acyl ghrelin but not of obestatin

Kumar

Salehi

Rehfeld

et al. 2010

Regulatory Peptides

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Background. Proghrelin, produced by the ghrelin (A-like) cells of the gastric mucosa, gives rise to cleavage products, including desacyl ghrelin, acyl ghrelin and obestatin. The products are thought to be secreted concomitantly. In an earlier study we found acyl ghrelin and obestatin, but not desacyl ghrelin, to suppress the release of hormones from isolated islets of mouse and rat pancreas.Results. Using isolated mouse pancreatic islets to study the suppression of the spontaneous secretion of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) by acyl ghrelin and obestatin, we determined the EC 50 values for the two peptides. For acyl ghrelin it was 2 x 10 -13 M (ranging from 1.7 to 2.8 x 10 -13 M), for obestatin it was 10 -13 M (ranging from 0.3 to 1.1 x 10 -13 M). The Hill coefficient (i.e. the midpoint slope) for the acyl ghrelin dose-response curve was 0.30 (ranging from 0.21 to 0.35); the corresponding value for obestatin was 0.35 (ranging from 0.21 to 0.35). The PP-releasing effect of acyl ghrelin, but not that of obestatin, was counteracted by desacyl ghrelin. The acyl ghrelin dose-response curve was shifted to the right in a parallel manner by increasing concentrations of desacyl ghrelin. A Schild plot was constructed with a slope of 0.78, giving an apparent pA 2 value of 14.Conclusions. The results favour the view that acyl ghrelin and obestatin suppress spontaneous PP secretion at physiologically relevant concentrations and that they act on separate receptors. However, we conclude also that desacyl ghrelin acts as a competitive, surmountable (and quite potent) inhibitor of acyl ghrelin. In view of the allegedly high circulating concentrations of desacyl ghrelin it is to be expected that the effect of acyl ghrelin -but not that of obestatin -will be impaired, in fact probably severely blunted by desacyl ghrelin, thereby compromising the functional significance of circulating acyl ghrelin. In addition, we suggest that isolated pancreatic islets are well suited for studies of receptors to acyl ghrelin and obestatin, and that suppression of PP secretion represents a convenient way to measure the effect of both these peptides.

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Effects of ghrelin on insulin and glucagon secretion: a study of isolated pancreatic islets and intact mice

Cited by 116 publications

References 31 publications

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

Ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin: Three pieces of the same puzzle

Proghrelin peptides: Desacyl ghrelin is a powerful inhibitor of acylated ghrelin, likely to impair physiological effects of acyl ghrelin but not of obestatin

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