Effects of genotype and temperature on accumulation of plant secondary metabolites in Canadian and Australian wheat grown under controlled environments

Abstract

Predictions of global increased temperature are for 1.8–4 °C by 2100. Increased temperature as an abiotic stress may exert a considerable influence on the levels of secondary metabolites in plants. These secondary metabolites may possibly exert biological activities beneficial in prevention or treatment of disorders linked to oxidative stress in human. Wheat secondary compounds in three Canadian and three Australian genotypes grown under controlled environments, in which the only changing parameter was temperature, were investigated. Kennedy and AC Navigator contained the highest amount of total phenolic acids among Australian and Canadian wheat genotypes, respectively. The total phenolic acids and total flavonoid contents of wheat genotypes increased following the increase of the growing temperature. In all the wheat genotypes, regardless of their growing temperatures, linoleic acid (C18:2n6) was measured as the main fatty acid. Significant increases in palmitic acid (C16:0) and oleic acid (C18:1n9) and significant decreases in linoleic acid (C18:2n6) and linolenic acid (C18:3n3) were observed at increased of growing temperature for all wheat genotypes. Growing temperature decreased campesterol content of wheat genotypes. Genotype and growing temperature significantly shifted the production of wheat secondary metabolites. This information might be used as a guide for breeding wheat varieties with higher antioxidant properties.

Genotype by Environment Interaction Unravels Influence on Secondary Metabolite Quality in Cassava Infested by Bemisia tabaci

“…Metabolite variances have been reported to occur due to plants detecting and responding to specific environmental signals via various pathways including increase in antioxidative capacity (Huber & Bauerle, 2016). Similar results were reported in wheat where genotype and environment were significantly affecting flavonoid, phenolic and antioxidative capacity (Shamloo et al, 2017). …”

Organ-oriented phytochemical profiling and radical scavenging activity of Alcea spp. (Malvaceae) from Iran

“…genotype, growth factors, laboratory conditions etc.) influencing the recovery of plant extracts would accordingly affect their antioxidant capacity [33,37,38]. Our findings suggest that antioxidant activity has a relatively strong correlation with the intensity of the plant color.…”

“…Such chemical interactions often include variations in the production of plant metabolites, which could possibly be one of the main explanations behind plants metabolic diversity [32]. Therefore, the study of these variations is very useful in the chemical characterization of plants of the same species which are collected from different geographical areas, especially when they have genetic homogeneity [33]. In relation to our study, synthesis of phenolic derivatives (e.g.…”

“…agerelated neurodegenerative disorders [12], prevention or lowering the risk of cancer, diabetes, arthritis and cardiovascular diseases [35]. The phenolic moiety in flavonoids can accept an electron to form relatively stable phenoxyl radicals, thereby disrupting chain oxidation reactions in cellular components [33].…”

Wheat seed transcriptome reveals genes controlling key traits for human preference and crop adaptation

“…Heat has been shown to alter the composition of the wheat grain and thereby its quality [37]. Hotter growing conditions resulted in higher levels of secondary metabolites and saturated fats [38] that will alter nutritional value and functional quality for various end-uses. The transcriptome has been used to study the response of wheat genotypes to heat stress during seed development [39].…”