Effects of ganoderma lucidum and melatonin on sperm in rats exposed to electromagnetic field

Abstract

It has been known that some of the reasons for the increasing prevalence of male type infertility are changing environmental factors, lifestyle, and exposure to pesticides and radiation from certain electronic devices and household devices that are increasingly used throughout the day (1,2) . Power lines, computers, televisions and many small household devices are known as sources of electromagnetic fields (3)(4)(5) . When considering usage frequency of these devices, it has been estimated that extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) may have significant adverse effects. Many studies have been performed on the side effects of ELF-EMF. However, conflicting results have been reported regarding the alteration of spermatological and reproductive functions. While it has been suggested that EMF exposure may increase activated ejaculated sperm percentage and life