Effects of Freeze-Dried Grape Powder on High-Density Lipoprotein Function in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Millar, Courtney; Duclos, Quinn; García, Christopher; Norris, Gregory H; Lemos, Bruno S; DiMarco, Diana M; Fernández, María Luz; Blesso, Christopher N.

doi:10.1089/met.2018.0052

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Forty-five studies were included in this systematic review, of which 18 were crossover randomised controlled trials (RCT) [27,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], and 27 were parallel RCTs [26,28, (see Table 3). The sample size of both experimental and control group in the interventions ranged from 5 to 63.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic consumption of specific fruit (berries, citrus and cherries) on CVD risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

et al. 2020

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Purpose This review aims to compare the magnitude of the effects of chronic consumption of fruits; specifically berries, citrus and cherries on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and psycARTICLES were searched from inception until January 2020. Fortyfive chronic (≥ 1 week) randomised controlled trials assessing CVD risk factors including endothelial (dys)function, blood pressure (BP), blood lipids and inflammatory biomarkers were included. Results Investigated interventions reported improvements in endothelial function (n = 8), inflammatory biomarkers and lipid status (n = 14), and BP (n = 10). Berries including juice of barberry, cranberry, grape, pomegranate, powder of blueberry, grape, raspberry and freeze-dried strawberry significantly reduced SBP by 3.68 mmHg (95% CI − 6.79 to − 0.58; P = 0.02) and DBP by 1.52 mmHg (95% CI − 2.87 to − 0.18, P = 0.04). In subgroup analysis, these associations were limited to cranberry juice (SBP by 1.52 mmHg [95% CI − 2.97 to − 0.07; P = 0.05], DBP by 1.78 mmHg [95% CI − 3.43 to − 0.12, P = 0.04] and cherry juice (SBP by 3.11 mmHg [95% CI − 4.06 to − 2.15; P = 0.02]). Berries also significantly elevated sVCAM-1 levels by 14.57 ng/mL (85% CI 4.22 to 24.93; P = 0.02). Conclusion These findings suggest that supplementing cranberry or cherry juice might contribute to an improvement in blood pressure. No other significant improvements were observed for other specified fruits. More research is warranted comparing different classes of fruit and exploring the importance of fruit processing on their cardiovascular-protective effects.

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Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic consumption of specific fruit (berries, citrus and cherries) on CVD risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

et al. 2020

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“…J774A.1 macrophages (ATCC; Manassas, VA) were used to measure HDL CEC using radiolabeled methods as previously described. [19] PON1 arylesterase activity was measured using phenyl acetate as a substrate, as previously described. [15] PON1 lactonase activity was determined using methods reported by Millar et al [19]…”

Section: Hdl Cec and Pon1 Activity Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Supplementation of Black Elderberries Promotes Hyperlipidemia, but Reduces Liver Inflammation and Improves HDL Function and Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability in Apolipoprotein E‐Knockout Mice

Millar

Norris

Jiang

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope HDL particles are protective against atherosclerosis, but may become dysfunctional during inflammation and chronic disease progression. Anthocyanin‐rich foods, such as the black elderberry, may improve HDL function and prevent disease development via antioxidant and/or anti‐inflammatory effects. This study investigates the long‐term consumption of black elderberry extract (BEE) on HDL function and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein (apo) E−/− mice. Methods and Results ApoE−/− mice (n = 12/group) are fed a low‐fat diet, supplemented with 0, 0.25%, or 1% (by weight) BEE (≈37.5–150 mg anthocyanins per kg body weight) for 24 weeks. Feeding 1% BEE increases total serum cholesterol (+31%) and non‐HDL cholesterol (+32%) compared with the control diet. PON1 arylesterase (+32%) and lactonase (+45%) activities also increase with the 1% BEE diet. Both 0.25% BEE and 1% BEE diets strongly increase HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) by 64% and 85%, respectively. Further, BEE dose‐dependently lowers serum liver enzymes and hepatic inflammatory gene expression. Although there is no change in neutral lipid accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions, BEE promotes connective tissue deposition in the aortic root. Conclusions Chronic BEE supplementation in apoE−/− mice dose‐dependently improves HDL function. Despite BEE promoting hyperlipidemia, which likely offsets HDL effects, BEE increases connective tissue content, suggesting improved atherosclerotic plaque stability.

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“…Thus, 24 articles (25 datasets, 618 subjects assigned to grape juice/extract/product administration and 587 subjects assigned to placebo) were included in the final analysis [27,29,[32][33][34][35][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. In detail, 21 studies (22 data-sets) reported data on TC, 22 studies (23 datasets) on HDL-C, 20 studies (21 datasets) on TG, 20 studies (21 datasets) on LDL-C, 4 studies (4 datasets) on oxLDL-C, 2 studies (2 datasets) on apo A, 3 studies (3 datasets) on apo B.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of enrolled subjects varied from 8 to 50, the mean age from 20.7 to 62.0 years, and the prevalence of male gender from 0% to 100%. Eleven studies evaluated the effect of whole grape products (grape powder or pomace) [32][33][34]44,45,50,51,53,55,59,61], five studies focused on grape juice [48,49,52,56,57], seven studies on grape seed extracts [27,29,35,46,47,54,58], and one study on the effect of grape skin extracts [60].…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Grape Products on Lipid Profile: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

Lupoli

Ciciola

Costabile

et al. 2020

JCM

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Background: Growing evidence shows that grape polyphenols can improve cardiovascular risk factors. Although there are clear data supporting a beneficial effect of grape supplementation on blood pressure and glucose metabolism, the effects of grape polyphenols on lipid metabolism are still controversial. Objective: We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of grape products on lipid profile. Design: A systematic search was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases without any language or publication year restriction. The reference lists of all retrieved articles were manually reviewed. RCTs evaluating the impact of grape products/juice/extracts on lipid profile were included. Difference in total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (oxLDL-C), apolipoprotein (apo) A, apo B before and after administration of grape products or placebo were expressed as mean differences (MD) with pertinent 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The impact of clinical and demographic features on effect size was assessed by meta-regression. Results: The administration of grape products is associated with a significant improvement of lipid profile, as evidenced by changes in TC (MD: −7.6 mg/dL (−0.2 mmol/L); 95% CI: −10.8, −4.4; p < 0.001), HDL-C (MD: 1.4 mg/dL (0.04 mmol/L); 95% CI: 0.8, 1.9; p < 0.001, I2 = 74.7%, p < 0.001), LDL-C (−6.3 mg/dL (−0.16 mmol/L); 95% CI: −9.5, −3.0; p < 0.001), oxLDL-C (MD: −4.5 U/L; 95% CI: −7.5, −1.5; p = 0.003, I2 = 90.6%, p < 0.001), apo B (MD: −2.4 mg/dL (−0.05 µmol/L); 95% CI: −4.5, −0.3; p = 0.026), and TG (MD: −14.5 mg/dL (−0.16 mmol/L); 95% CI: −17.7, −11.2; p < 0.001) levels in subjects receiving grape products compared to placebo. With regard to the extent of the lipid-lowering effect, compared to baseline values, the highest reduction was reported for LDL-C (MD: −5.6 mg/dL (−0.14 mmol/L); 95% CI: −9.5, −1.7; p = 0.005) and for oxLDL-C (MD: −5.0 U/L; 95% CI: −8.8, −1.2; p = 0.010, I2 = 0%, p = 0.470). Conclusions: Grape polyphenols exert a favorable effect on lipid profile in humans by significantly reducing plasma levels of LDL-C and oxLDL-C.

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Effects of Freeze-Dried Grape Powder on High-Density Lipoprotein Function in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Abstract: Grape powder consumption did not impact HDL function in this cohort of adults with MetS. However, it was shown to improve fasting triglycerides, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of chronic consumption of specific fruit (berries, citrus and cherries) on CVD risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Effects of chronic consumption of specific fruit (berries, citrus and cherries) on CVD risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Long‐Term Supplementation of Black Elderberries Promotes Hyperlipidemia, but Reduces Liver Inflammation and Improves HDL Function and Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability in Apolipoprotein E‐Knockout Mice

Impact of Grape Products on Lipid Profile: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

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