Effects of forest floor disturbances by mechanical site preparation on floristic diversity in a central Ontario clearcut

Newmaster, Steven G.; Parker, William C.; Bell, Frederick W.; Paterson, John M.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.058

Cited by 60 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Over the midand long-term, the accumulation of organic matter in the form of linear windrows located several metres away from seedlings may deprive trees located at the centre of plots from sufficient nutrient intake. In addition, the exposure of the mineral soil over large surfaces causes erosion Edeso 1999, Merino et al 2004) and creates a major source of sediments in watercourses (Olarieta et al 1999), an aspect not measured in our study. Because of this risk, scalping that causes infertile mineral horizons to be exposed is subject to particular environmental monitoring in Quebec (Jetté 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Few studies have addressed the effects of complete scalping of organic matter in such conditions, which differ from winter removal of woody debris on frozen soils where a certain thickness of organic matter is maintained above the mineral soil layer. Most research on this topic has been conducted in mixed or hardwood forest ecosystems (e.g., Frey et al 2003, Newmaster et al 2007, Gradowski et al 2008, Lazaruk et al 2008, Dumas 2012) with treatments limited to a few square meters. By eliminating the organic matter layer, scalping could actually reproduce the impact of highintensity fires in the boreal forest and, to some extent, be part of an ecosystem-based management strategy .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Short-term effects of organic matter scalping on the growth and nutrition of black spruce and jack pine seedlings planted in the boreal forest

Thiffault¹

2016

The Forestry Chronicle

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term effects of organic matter scalping on the growth and nutrition of black spruce and jack pine seedlings planted in the boreal forest

Thiffault¹

2016

The Forestry Chronicle

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“…However, the plant and trait communities were expected to gradually converge between the treated and natural sites over the following years (Irwin et al 2014). We also predicted that the community convergence with natural conditions would be faster in the scarification berms (mound between furrows, with a mix of organic/mineral material) compared to the scarification furrows (exposed mineral soil) (Newmaster et al 2007). Indices of soil fertility were expected to be lowest in the younger plantations and to increase with plantation age and higher seasonal litter production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…It is effective in stimulating tree growth, especially for fast-growing tree species such as hybrid poplar that have a low tolerance for root competition and that are planted in contexts where herbicide use is restricted or prohibited (Bilodeau-Gauthier et al 2011Thiffault & Roy 2011). However, scarification severity influences plant community composition by modifying the type and the amount of available substrates for plant colonization, and through its effect on residual propagules and availability of resources such as water and nutrients (Newmaster et al 2007). Whereas treatments of low-to-moderate severity can perpetuate the presence of established species, severe mechanical scarification can negatively affect the existing vegetation through vegetation removal or by destroying vegetative reproductive organs; severe scarification can also favor the establishment of ruderal and invasive species (Jobidon 1990;Haeussler et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of plant community functional traits following severe soil perturbation in plantations: a case-study

Hébert

Bachand

Thiffault

et al. 2016

International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Servic

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We present a case study in which we assessed the effects of a severe soil perturbation on the plant community and soil variables in young hybrid poplar (Populus sp.) plantations of southern Québec (Canada). Our overall goal was to test if soil perturbation and planting fast-growing species could promote the reestablishment of a relatively diverse plant community. A chronosequence that included three plantations (4, 8, and 12-year old) established after soil scarification, paired with three natural stands representative of the local temperate mixedwood forest comprising both pioneer and late-successional tree species, was implemented. Vegetation surveys and soil collection were performed in 2012 and species traits were provided by the Traits Of Plants In Canada and TRY databases. Principal response curve analyses showed species and functional trait divergence between treated and natural stands at ages 4 and 8, but that those divergences were less at age 12. Species and trait convergences were slower in the scarification furrows than in the scarification berms (mounds between furrows). However, severe site preparation did not appear to affect soil variables on the study sites. Our results suggest that even following severe site preparation, gradual recovery of species and trait composition similar to that of natural stands appears possible in the long term, mainly through fast canopy development by hybrid poplar. However, organic material export and soil erosion risks associated with this type of site preparation need to be evaluated. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…La majorité des travaux sur ce thème ont en effet été réalisés dans des écosystèmes de la forêt mixte ou feuillue (p. ex. Frey et al 2003, Newmaster et al 2007, Gradowski et al 2008, Lazaruk et al 2008, Dumas 2012 et pour la plupart, avec des traitements limités à quelques mètres carrés. Or, en éliminant la couche de matière organique, le scalpage pourrait, dans une certaine mesure, émuler l' effet des feux d'intensité élevée en forêt boréale et donc faire partie d'une stratégie d'aménagement écosystémique (Gauthier et al 2008).…”

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Effets à court terme du décapage de la matière organique sur la croissance et la nutrition d’épinettes noires et de pins gris mis en terre en forêt boréale

Thiffault¹

2016

The Forestry Chronicle

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Scarification contributes to creating planting microsites for reforestation by mixing organic matter (OM) with the upper layers of mineral soil. However, on some boreal sites characterized by a thick humus layer and dominated by ericaceous shrubs, competition seems to limit the benefits of scarification. A potential solution would be to remove OM completely through scalping. The objective of our study was to compare the short-term effects of scarification and scalping on the growth of Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana on such sites. After three growing seasons, we explored the relationships between seedling growth, groups of competing vegetation species, planting depth and distance to the nearest OM accumulation. The two treatments had similar effects on these variables. Growth on plots subjected to scalping was independent from the distance to OM. Planting depth had a nil or positive effect on seedling growth. Pinus seedlings largely outgrew Picea seedlings. However, the lack of short-term difference between scarification and scalping must be interpreted with caution, given the potential mid-and long-term effects of OM exportation on soil fertility, erosion and seedling nutrition.Key words : reforestation, plantation, site preparation, Picea mariana, Pinus banksiana 1 Direction de la recherche forestière, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs du Québec, 2700, rue Einstein, Québec, QC, G1P 3W8, et Centre d' étude de la forêt, Université Laval, 2405, rue de la Terrasse, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6. Courriel : nelson.thiffault@mffp.gouv.qc.ca Nelson Thiffault matériel planté (l' essence, le type de plants, le génotype) et les conditions environnementales (Grossnickle 2012). Plus particulièrement, le microenvironnement des plants influence la quantité des ressources disponibles (température de l'air et du sol, éléments nutritifs, eau, lumière). Une disponibilité non optimale des ressources crée des stress qui mettent en péril le succès d' établissement des plants (Margolis and Brand 1990). Afin d' optimiser l'important investissement associé aux programmes d'amélioration génétique, à la production des plants forestiers et à leur mise en terre , il importe que les microsites de reboisement favorisent des réserves de ressources qui se rapprochent autant que possible des valeurs optimales (Burdett 1990).Toutefois, les caractéristiques précises des microsites de reboisement qui limitent les stress de plantation sont difficiles à cerner (quantité de débris ligneux, Devine and Harrington The Forestry Chronicle Downloaded from pubs.cif-ifc.org by 54.186.52.231 on 05/10/18For personal use only. 2016, VOL. 92, N o 2 -THE FORESTRY CHRONICLE 2112007; mélange organique/minéral, Salonius 1983; profondeur de mise en terre, Sutton 1995). De nombreuses études ont documenté les effets du scarifiage sur l' établissement des plantations en forêt boréale (p. ex. Prévost et Dumais 2003, Hébert et al. 2014, Henneb et al. 2015. D'autres se sont attardées à la gestion des débris de coupe et à leurs effets sur le microenvironneme...

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Effects of forest floor disturbances by mechanical site preparation on floristic diversity in a central Ontario clearcut

Cited by 60 publications

References 51 publications

Short-term effects of organic matter scalping on the growth and nutrition of black spruce and jack pine seedlings planted in the boreal forest

Short-term effects of organic matter scalping on the growth and nutrition of black spruce and jack pine seedlings planted in the boreal forest

Recovery of plant community functional traits following severe soil perturbation in plantations: a case-study

Effets à court terme du décapage de la matière organique sur la croissance et la nutrition d’épinettes noires et de pins gris mis en terre en forêt boréale

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