Effects of foreperiod, induced muscular tension, and stimulus regularity on simple reaction time.

Teichner, Warren H.

doi:10.1037/h0049096

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Related experiments suggest three possible factors contributing to the facilitating effect of the reset response. The studies by Teichner (1957) and Davis (1940) under conditions very different from this study point to the effect of muscle tension on RT. This possibility could be tested by using a verbal reset response.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

“…It follows then that the factor of variable versus constant periods accounts for the slower mean RTs of the apparently self-paced as opposed to the self-paced conditions. Using a much greater range of foreperiod variability and quite different response conditions, Kleiner (1956) and Teichner (1957) found that a variable foreperiod yielded slower RTs than did a constant foreperiod.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Paced and self-paced serial simple reaction time.

Beck¹

1963

Canadian Journal of Psychology / Revue canadienne de psychologi

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EXPERIMENTS USING TASKS other than reaction time (RT) have been reported which indicate that self-pacing facilitates performance. For example, self-paced letter sorting yields a higher output than paced (Conrad, 1960). Self-paced performance, as compared to paced performance, on the pursuit rotor yields higher scores, flatter performance curves, and a reduction in the between-subject differences in performance levels (Nance, 1960). The following two experiments were carried out to determine possible differences between paced and self-paced performance in a simple serial reaction task. EXPERIMENT I SubjectsSix paid female Ss, aged 25 to 35 years, were employed in the experiment. Five of the Ss had had at least ten sessions of paced RT in previous experiments and the other was given three daily sessions of RT practice. ApparatusThe display consisted of two white stimulus lights, positioned side by side, beneath each of which were mounted a response key and a reset key. A red warning light (W) was mounted between the two stimulus lights. Although two stimulusresponse complexes were available, only one was used in any condition. One complex was used for the paced conditions and the other for the self-paced. The afterperiod, warning light duration, and foreperiod were controlled by Hunter timers. A Hunter Klockcounter measured RT in msec. During the self-paced conditions, reaction time and reset intervals were recorded on an Esterline-Angus oen recorder. To eliminate extraneous noise effects a background of continuous white noise of 67 db. (re 0.0002 dyne/cm 2 ) was presented through earphones during each condition. ProcedureFigure 1 shows schematically the five conditions of Experiment I (1-5) and the six conditions of Experiment II (6-11).Following an earlier analysis of RT intervals (Foley & Dewis, 1960): T = foreperiod = interval from RT response to stimulus onset in no W conditions or W onset to stimulus onset interval in W conditions; t = sub-foreperiod = interval from reset response to stimulus onset; T 1 -afterperiod = interval from RT response to W onset; t 1 = sub-afterperiod = interval from reset response to W onset; reset interval = interval from RT response to reset response onset.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paced and self-paced serial simple reaction time.

Beck¹

1963

Canadian Journal of Psychology / Revue canadienne de psychologi

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“…This hypothesis assumes that other aspects of the environment (wind-produced noise, discomfort, and the perceived threat of cold exposure) provide competing stimuli which interfere with the response elicited by the reaction signal and thus produce increased latencies. The presence of such competing stimuli should be most critical during the foreperiod of reaction, and, therefore, relatable in a measurable way to the presence of nonoptimum preparatory muscular phenomena (2,8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The output of the thermocouples was recorded in sequence at a rate which provided a complete description of each S's skin temperature once every four min. In addition, the output of an electronic analog-to-digital computer 8 working off the armature of the potentiometer was fed to a No. 523 IBM Summary Punch.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction time in the cold.

Teichner¹

1958

Journal of Applied Psychology

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“…From the 1920s to the present it has aroused considerable speculation and stimulated a good deal of research. It has been related to learning (Bills, 1927;Courts, 1942), motivation (Bartoshuk,19SS), difficulty of mental work (Stroud, 1931), degree of arousal (Kennedy & Travis, 1948), reaction time (Teichner, 1957), attention (Wallerstein, 1954), and thinking (Jacobson, 1932), to mention a few. The body of this paper will be concerned with its role in personality theory.…”

Section: Role Of Muscle Tension Theory In Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of muscle tension in personality theory.

Goldstein

1964

Psychological Bulletin

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The relationship of muscle tension to personality is reviewed through the 19th century to the present. Although the methods of measurement are often only indirectly related to one another certain trends emerge. Skeletal muscle tension tends to be high: in the hyperactive person during emotional stress, in psychotic and neurotic groups, and particularly in disorders in which anxiety is the major concomitant. The mechanism of symptom specificity, whereby a particular muscle develops symptoms due to its constant state of sustained contraction, is also discussed. (3 p. ref.)

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Effects of foreperiod, induced muscular tension, and stimulus regularity on simple reaction time.

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Paced and self-paced serial simple reaction time.

Paced and self-paced serial simple reaction time.

Reaction time in the cold.

Role of muscle tension in personality theory.

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