Effects of foot orthoses on gait patterns of flat feet patients

Chen, Shen‐Ming; Lou, Shu Zon; Huang, Chia‐Ying; Su, Fong Chin

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.11.007

Cited by 107 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We found that therapeutic insoles significantly suppressed the eversion of the talocalcaneal joint compared with accessory insoles. Kulcu et al (2007) and Chen et al (2010) performed gait analyses on flatfoot patients using optical surface marker systems on the feet to investigate the effect of insoles on flatfoot deformity during gait; however, neither study demonstrated the effectiveness of insoles. Several cadaveric studies have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of orthoses in a severe flatfoot deformity model produced by resecting almost all of the soft tissue around the talus (Imhauser et al ., 2002; Kitaoka et al ., 2002; Havenhill et al ., 2005; Hirano et al ., 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therapeutic insoles, which are designed to rebuild the arch and stabilize the foot, are commonly used in conservative treatment. However, their reported effectiveness varies (Coughlin et al ., 2007b; Alvarez et al ., 2006; Lin et al ., 2008; Kulcu et al ., 2007; Chen et al ., 2010) and remains debatable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of those studies reported improved hindfoot alignment as a result of the orthoses. Recently, in vivo studies have been conducted using video images or markers for motion analysis, but these studies have failed to demonstrate any beneficial effects of orthoses (Kulcu et al ., 2007; Chen et al ., 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of therapeutic insoles on the medial longitudinal arch in patients with flatfoot deformity: A three-dimensional loading computed tomography study

Kido

Ikoma

Hara

et al. 2014

Clinical Biomechanics

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Background Insoles are frequently used in orthotic therapy as the standard conservative treatment for symptomatic flatfoot deformity to rebuild the arch and stabilize the foot. However, the effectiveness of therapeutic insoles remains unclear. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of therapeutic insoles for flatfoot deformity using subject-based three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) models by evaluating the load responses of the bones in the medial longitudinal arch in vivo in 3D. Methods We studied eight individuals (16 feet) with mild flatfoot deformity. CT scans were performed on both feet under non-loaded and full-body-loaded conditions, first with accessory insoles and then with therapeutic insoles under the same conditions. Three-dimensional CT models were constructed for the tibia and the tarsal and metatarsal bones of the medial longitudinal arch (i.e., first metatarsal bone, cuneiforms, navicular, talus, and calcaneus). The rotational angles between the tarsal bones were calculated under loading with accessory insoles or therapeutic insoles and compared. Findings Compared with the accessory insoles, the therapeutic insoles significantly suppressed the eversion of the talocalcaneal joint. Interpretation This is the first study to precisely verify the usefulness of therapeutic insoles (arch support and inner wedges) in vivo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of therapeutic insoles on the medial longitudinal arch in patients with flatfoot deformity: A three-dimensional loading computed tomography study

Kido

Ikoma

Hara

et al. 2014

Clinical Biomechanics

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“…Little is known about the specific signs or symptoms that drive adults with symptomatic flexible pes planus to seek consult and intervention. Foot orthoses (FOs) are frequently prescribed for flexible pes planus [15,16], yet the approach to prescription of the FOs remains controversial [17]. Since the introduction of the 'modified Root-style device' [18], several prescription variations have been developed, purported to benefit the signs associated with a flexible pes planus foot type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adults with flexible pes planus and the approach to the prescription of customised foot orthoses in clinical practice: A clinical records audit

2015

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A clinical records audit of the University of South Australia's podiatry clinic clients attending in 2010 was undertaken to determine prevalence of symptomatic flexible pes planus, presenting reasons and treatment options most frequently used. Analysis of rearfoot measures (resting calcaneal stance position, subtalar joint range of motion) between those prescribed a vertical (heel) or inverted (heel) cast pour and a medial heel (Kirby) skive was undertaken. Of 223 clinical records audited, 50% (111/223) of clients were assessed with flexible pes planus, 77% (86/111) of clients with pes planus presented with back or lower limb pain and 58% (64/111) were prescribed customised foot orthoses. Of 42 prescriptions for customised foot orthoses audited; 64% (27/42) were prescribed a vertical (heel) cast pour, 36% (15/42) an inverted (heel) cast pour and 19% (8/42) received a medial heel (Kirby) skive. Those prescribed a medial heel (Kirby) skive had a more everted resting calcaneal stance position than those that were not (mean -8.6±2.8° vs. -5.5±3.4°, p=0.02). Those prescribed an inverted (heel) cast pour had a greater range of subtalar joint motion than those prescribed a vertical (heel) cast pour (median 36.0±10.0° vs. 29.0±5.0°, p=0.01).

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“…Thus, proximal joints like the knee joints, hip joints, and the lower spine get affected due to the overloading of a medial longitudinal arch [2]. Proper diagnosis and subsequent management for flexible flatfoot is therefore crucial for preventing these complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Resting Calcaneal Stance Position Angle Following Insole Fitting in Children With Flexible Flatfoot

Lee

Kim

et al. 2017

Ann Rehabil Med

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ObjectiveTo clarify the relationship of the initial radiologic and a biomechanical parameter at first clinical visit, and define the effectiveness of modified insole, following insole fitting in children with flexible flatfoot.MethodsChildren aged less than 13 years with flexible flatfoot were enrolled. The total number of subjects was 66 (33 boys, 33 girls). The subjects were divided into 5 subgroups, based on age: 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–9, and 10–12 years. The mean time period between the initial & final examination for their resting calcaneal stance position angle (RCSPA) was 24 months. Radiography quantified the deformity by measuring angles, including the talometatarsal angle, the metatarsal angle, and the calcaneal pitch angle.ResultsFrom the angles measured on radiographs, only the talometatarsal angle showed a statistically significant correlation to the initial RCSPA (r=-0.578 for right side, r=-0.524 for left side; p<0.01). The mean RCSPA improved in all subgroups of subjects following insole fitting. Moreover, in children younger than 7 years, the improvement in RCSPA from the insole fitting was greater compared to children aged 7 years and older.ConclusionThe insole has additionally beneficial effects in all populations younger than 13 years. However, there might exist a hidden effect of normal structural pedal alignment during growth accompanied with bony maturation and developmental process. To date, it is controversial whether the treatment of flexible flatfoot is necessary in the vast majority of cases, or simple observation and advice to parents would suffice.

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Effects of foot orthoses on gait patterns of flat feet patients

Cited by 107 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of therapeutic insoles on the medial longitudinal arch in patients with flatfoot deformity: A three-dimensional loading computed tomography study

Effect of therapeutic insoles on the medial longitudinal arch in patients with flatfoot deformity: A three-dimensional loading computed tomography study

Adults with flexible pes planus and the approach to the prescription of customised foot orthoses in clinical practice: A clinical records audit

Changes in Resting Calcaneal Stance Position Angle Following Insole Fitting in Children With Flexible Flatfoot

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