Effects of fluvalinate on two‐spotted spider mite dispersal, fecundity and feeding

Holland, John M.; Chapman, R. B.; Penman, D. R.

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1994.tb01780.x

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…All of these behaviors will affect subsequent exposure to insecticide, and thus affect survival and fitness; however, they generally are less effective in this respect than are behaviors elicited by olfactory stimuli (83). Also unlike the behaviors discussed in the previous section, behaviors linked to toxic effects vary considerably with the class of toxin and its mode of action (80,136), as well as the concentrations encountered (86). For example, the cis isomer of asarones from Acorus calamus had antifeedant effects and decreased efficiency of conversion of digested food of variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia), whereas the trans isomer had antifeedant effects only (104).…”

Section: Behavioral Responses Resulting From Sublethal Toxic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Thresholds exist for any measurable behavioral response, and the form or magnitude often increases with dose. For example, two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) shifted from running off to spinning down from fluvalinate-treated leaves as concentration increased (86). Repellency responses, in particular, tend to occur at very low doses compared with mortality or morbidity (105,107,118,132,156).…”

Section: Behavioral Responses Resulting From Sublethal Toxic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Spatial Heterogeneity and Insect Adaptation to Toxins

Hoy

Head

Hall

1998

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

118

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Behavioral responses of insect herbivores to toxins are examined in managed and natural systems with reference to two important but largely ignored factors: heterogeneity in toxin distributions and the nature of the relationship between behavioral responses and physiological adaptation to the same toxins. Heterogeneous toxin distributions, which provide the opportunity for behavioral responses, are ubiquitous in managed and natural systems. Insect herbivores have evolved a wide variety of behavioral responses to such toxins. The nature of behavioral responses reflects toxin apparency, mode of action, and the extent to which sublethal effects influence behavior. The interaction between these behavioral responses to heterogeneously distributed toxins and physiological mechanisms of tolerance has influenced the evolution of insecticide resistance in managed systems and the evolution of plant defensive strategies in natural systems. An understanding of this interaction could lead to more evolutionarily stable methods of crop protection.

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Section: Behavioral Responses Resulting From Sublethal Toxic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Behavioral Responses Resulting From Sublethal Toxic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spatial Heterogeneity and Insect Adaptation to Toxins

Hoy

Head

Hall

1998

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

118

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“…The ERM fecundity was reduced for 10 days after only 1 h exposure to fluvalinate, compared to only 1 day for the TSM using the same methodology (Holland et aL, 1994b). This was expected because fluvalinate was more toxic to the ERM, indicating that chronic poisoning probably occurred.…”

Section: Fecundity Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Comparative toxic and sublethal effects of fluvalinate on two-spotted spider mite and European red mite

Holland

Chapman

1995

Exp Appl Acarol

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Four fluvalinate formulations differed in their residual toxicity to female two-spotted spider mite (TSM), Tetranychus urticae adults; the emulsifiable concentrate (EC) was the most toxic. In contrast, there was little difference in toxicity between the formulations with the European red mite (ERM) Panonychus ulmi with the exception of the EC formulation which was the least toxic. Fluvalinate 2F caused minimal (< 10%) TSM and ERM egg mortality. Fluvalinate 2F was more toxic and caused greater larval dispersal for the TSM compared to the ERM at the field concentration and below. The toxicity of fluvalinate 2F to TSM and ERM protonymphs, deutonymphs and adults was low, approximately < 20% at field concentration. Dispersal was the main response to fluvalinate and this was positively correlated with increasing concentration. The combined mortality and dispersal LCs0 was five times lower for ERM protonymphs and adults, but 11 times higher for ERM deutonymphs compared to equivalent TSM life stages. Fluvalinate 2F reduced TSM development from the protonymph and deutonymph stages to a greater extent compared to the ERM. The mortality response to fluvalinate 2F was unaffected by host type (peach or apple) for the TSM whereas ERM mortality was higher on apple compared to peach. TSM dispersal was higher from apple compared to peach whereas ERM dispersal was similar on both host types. Oviposition by both mite species was lower on apple than peach leaves. A 1 h exposure to fluvalinate 2F reduced ERM oviposition for 12 days.

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“…This is particularly important in warmer areas, such as southern England and the Pacific North Western States of USA and Canada where large populations have been observed after application of some of the earlier synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. Holland et al (1994) have shown that the newer synthetic pyrethroid, tau-fiuvalinate has a strong irritant effect on twospotted spider mites, causing them to rapidly leave treated leaves after application. Oviposition was suppressed on treated plants, but when transferred to untreated plants, females resumed egg-laying at levels comparable with that of females on water treated leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%