Effects of Fire Regime on the Serotiny Level of Jack Pine

Gauthier, Sylvie; Bergeron, Yves; Simon, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.2307/2261476

Cited by 141 publications

(89 citation statements)

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“…Our model allows for the manipulation of fire frequency and observation of subsequent stand-level evolutionary responses over long timescales; observations of these dynamics would be difficult or impossible in the field. Given the well-known effects of fire on the evolution of serotiny (7,(14)(15)(16)(17), such observations are required to understand the evolutionary effects of seed predation in context, and to demonstrate that selection observed in the field (Fig. 1) results in evolution (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have focused on the role of fire in driving the evolution of serotiny (7,(17)(18)(19), although few have addressed seed predators as alternative selective agents (but see refs. 7, 19, and 39), and ours is the first (to our knowledge) to demonstrate strong selection from seed predation driving localscale (i.e., stand-level) variation in serotiny.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It follows that much geographical variation in serotiny is due to variation in fire regimes (17)(18)(19). Postdispersal seed predation may be another mechanism favoring the evolution of serotiny if delayed and synchronous seed release limits the abundance of postdispersal predators (7,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Conflicting selection from fire and seed predation drives fine-scaled phenotypic variation in a widespread North American conifer

Talluto

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Recent work has demonstrated that evolutionary processes shape ecological dynamics on relatively short timescales (eco-evolutionary dynamics), but demonstrating these effects at large spatial scales in natural landscapes has proven difficult. We used empirical studies and modeling to investigate how selective pressures from fire and predispersal seed predation affect the evolution of serotiny, an ecologically important trait. Serotiny is a highly heritable key reproductive trait in Rocky Mountain lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia), a conifer that dominates millions of hectares in western North America. In these forests, the frequency of serotiny determines postfire seedling density with corresponding community-and ecosystem-level effects. We found that serotinous individuals have a selective advantage at high fire frequencies and low predation pressure; however, very high seed predation shifted the selective advantage to nonserotinous individuals even at high fire frequencies. Simulation modeling suggests that spatial variation in the frequency of serotiny results from heterogeneity in these two selective agents. These results, combined with previous findings showing a negative association between the density of seed predators and the frequency of serotiny at both landscape and continental scales, demonstrate that contemporary patterns in serotiny reflect an evolutionary response to conflicting selection pressures from fire and seed predation. Thus, we show that variation in the frequency of a heritable polygenic trait depends on spatial variation in two dominant selective agents, and, importantly, the effects of the local trait variation propagate with profound consequences to the structure and function of communities and ecosystems across a large landscape.Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem | geographic selection mosaics | genes to ecosystems R ecent work has attempted to unify processes acting across spatiotemporal scales by connecting smaller-scale (e.g., individuals, patches) ecological processes to large-scale (e.g., ecosystems, landscapes) patterns via evolutionary mechanisms (1, 2). When heritable traits in foundation species have important community and ecosystem effects, ecological drivers that exert natural selection on these traits can propagate to largescale patterns in community and ecosystem function, resulting in landscape heterogeneity driven by small-scale ecological variation (1, 3). Although there is a clear conceptual link between selection acting on individuals and landscape-scale patterns, making mechanistic connections across these very different scales has proven challenging (refs. 4 and 5; but see ref. 6). Forested ecosystems in particular are difficult to study, because long generation times prevent direct observations of any response to selection. Nevertheless, attempts to elucidate the connections between individual-level genetic variation and ecosystem and landscape structure are imperative, especially given the unprecedented pace of global change.Here, we integrate empiric...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conflicting selection from fire and seed predation drives fine-scaled phenotypic variation in a widespread North American conifer

Talluto

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Recruitment of Pinus banksiana requires the heat of fires to release seeds from serotinous cones (Gauthier et al, 1996). This condition was implemented in the current LPJ-LMfire version specifically for the Pinus PFT by inhibiting seedling establishment during years without fire.…”

Section: Post-fire Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pyrogeography of eastern boreal Canada from 1901 to 2012 simulated with the LPJ-LMfire model

et al. 2018

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Section: Post-fire Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pyrogeography of eastern boreal Canada from 1901 to 2012 simulated with the LPJ-LMfire model

Chaste¹,

Girardin²,

Kaplan³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Wildland fires are the main natural disturbance shaping forest structure and composition in eastern boreal Canada. 15On average, more than 700,000 ha of forest burns annually, and causes as much as C$2.9 million worth of damage. Although we know that occurrence of fires depends upon the coincidence of favourable conditions for fire ignition, propagation and fuel availability, the interplay between these three drivers in shaping spatiotemporal patterns of fires in eastern Canada remains to be evaluated. The goal of this study was to reconstruct the spatiotemporal patterns of fire activity during the last century in eastern Canada's boreal forest as a function of changes in lightning ignition, climate and vegetation. We addressed this 20 objective using the dynamic global vegetation model LPJ-LMfire, which we parametrized for four Plant Functional Types (PFTs) that correspond to the prevalent tree genera in eastern boreal Canada (Picea, Abies, Pinus, Populus). LPJ-LMfire was run with a monthly time-step from 1901 to 2012 on a 10-km 2 resolution grid covering the boreal forest from Manitoba to Newfoundland. Outputs of LPJ-LMfire were analyzed in terms of fire frequency, net primary productivity (NPP), and aboveground biomass. The predictive skills of LPJ-LMfire were examined by comparing our simulations of annual burn rates 25 and biomass with independent datasets. The simulation adequately reproduced the latitudinal gradient in fire frequency in Manitoba and the longitudinal gradient from Manitoba towards southern Ontario, as well as the temporal patterns present in independent fire histories. Nevertheless, the simulation led to underestimation and overestimation of the fire frequency at both the northern and southern limits of the boreal forest in Quebec. The general pattern of simulated total tree biomass also agreed well with observations, with the notable exception of overestimated biomass at the northern treeline, mainly for Picea PFT. In 30 these northern areas, the predictive ability of LPJ-LMfire is likely being affected by a low density of weather stations, which has led to underestimation of the strength of fire-weather interactions during extreme fire years and, therefore, vegetation consumption. Agreement of the spatiotemporal patterns of fire frequency with the observed data confirmed that fire in the study area is strongly ignition-limited. Overall, climate and lightning ignition variability at multi-decadal and -annual timeBiogeosciences Discuss., https://doi

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Effects of Fire Regime on the Serotiny Level of Jack Pine

Cited by 141 publications

References 32 publications

Conflicting selection from fire and seed predation drives fine-scaled phenotypic variation in a widespread North American conifer

Conflicting selection from fire and seed predation drives fine-scaled phenotypic variation in a widespread North American conifer

The pyrogeography of eastern boreal Canada from 1901 to 2012 simulated with the LPJ-LMfire model

The pyrogeography of eastern boreal Canada from 1901 to 2012 simulated with the LPJ-LMfire model

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