Effects of Fermented Soybean Meal on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Intestinal Morphology in Broilers

Abstract

The experiment was performed to compare the effects of fermented soybean meal (fermented with Aspergillus oryzae 3.042, FSBM) and soybean meal on digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology in broilers. Three hundred twenty 1-d-old Ross x Ross male broiler chicks were randomly allocated into 2 dietary treatments for a 6-wk feeding trial, including 0- to 21-d and 21- to 42-d periods. At the end of each stage, 8 broilers of each treatment were killed, and pancreas, small intestine digesta, and duodenum, jejunum, and ileum segments were collected for digestive enzymes and intestinal morphology evaluation. Results of the experiment showed that replacing soybean meal with FSBM in diet increased the activities of trypsin, lipase, and protease significantly in intestinal content of starter broilers (P<0.05) and enhanced the protease activity of grower broilers (P<0.05). Amylase activity was not affected in both feeding periods by the treatments. Compared with the control, broilers fed with FSBM had lower pancreatic trypsin activity (P<0.05) in the starter phase. There were no significant differences on lipase, amylase, and protease activity between the treatments in both growth phases. Increased villus height (P<0.05) and decreased crypt depth (P<0.05) of jejunum mucosa could be observed in the whole growth stage of broilers fed with FSBM. Also, duodenal villus height of starter chicks was also significantly increased (P<0.05).

Using Exogenous Enzymes to Increase the Nutritional Value of Soybean Meal in Poultry Diet

“…Protein solubility in a KOH solution has been proved a good indicator for monitoring over-processing of soybean meal (Araba and Dale, 1990). Other methods such as chemical treatments (Sessa et al, 1990;Wu and Sessa, 1994), chemical modification of disulfide bonds (Wang et al, 2009), fermentation (Feng et al, 2007) etc. were studied to explore the possibility to inactivate the activity of trypsin inhibitors, however, these methods still stay in research level so far.…”

Supplementation of enzyme-treated soy protein saves dietary protein and promotes digestive and absorptive ability referring to TOR signaling in juvenile fish

“…Study indicated that plant proteins treated with specific proteolytic enzymes could produce particular nutritional ingredients such as bioactive peptides or special amino acids (Schaafsma 2009). Feng et al (2007) reported that soybean peptides promoted the digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs and broilers. Furthermore, in vitro, soybean peptides increased the secretion of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in NCI-H716 cells (Kwon et al 2011), while IGF-1 could induce Akt/mTOR pathway transcription in mice myoblasts (Latres et al 2005).…”

Effect of a processed soy protein product on growth and gut physiology of broiler chickens

“…Inclusion of PSP in the starter diet improved the histomorphology of the small intestine mucosa in terms of villi height, crypt depth villus:crypt ratio and villi surface area as measured at the jejunum at 24 d. The results were in accordance with the findings of Xu et al (2012) who found that the villus height and villus:crypt ratio were increased in the duodenum and jejunum of egg-laying hens on diets supplemented with processed (fermented) soybean meal compared with those receiving plain SBM. Feng et al (2007) observed an improvement in the intestinal morphology of broiler chicks as a result of replacement of untreated SBM with fermented SBM in the starter diet. The improvement in the morphology of intestinal mucosa of chickens fed on PSP-supplemented starter diets may be primarily due to the stimulatory effect of the product.…”