Effects of feeding Original XPC™ to broilers with a live coccidiosis-vaccine under industry conditions: Part 1. Growth performance and Salmonella inhibition

Roto, Stephanie M.; Park, S H; Lee, S I; Kaldhone, Pravin; Pavlidis, Hilary O.; Frankenbach, S B; McIntyre, D.R.; Striplin, K.; Brammer, Lynnette; Ricke, Steven C.

doi:10.3382/ps/pew445

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…All stressed birds in this study received a live coccidiosis vaccine at the beginning of each trial. Previous studies have shown that XPC improves growth in broilers challenged with coccidial infection [ 20 ] or administered a live coccidiosis vaccine [ 26 ]. This agrees with some results regarding measures of growth in this study: for example, XPC and AVI exhibited similar day-42 body weights to CNS birds in Trial 3, and XPC birds tended to have a greater day-42 body weight than all other treatments in Trial 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Stress Susceptibility of Broiler Chickens by Supplementing a Yeast Fermentation Product in the Feed or Drinking Water

Nelson

McIntyre

Pavlidis

et al. 2018

Animals

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Simple SummaryPoultry are susceptible to stress induced as a response to common management practices such as vaccination, feed withdrawal, and rearing on reused litter as well as severe stressors such as high environmental temperature. These stressors can result in economic costs to producers that are associated with poor growth and disease. Functional metabolites in the yeast fermentation product Original XPCTM have previously shown positive effects on growth performance and immune function in a variety of livestock when incorporated into the diet. This study found that including either Original XPCTM in the feed or its liquid counterpart, AviCareTM, in the drinking water during the entire rearing period can reduce stress and improve the welfare of broiler chickens under many stressful situations.AbstractReducing stress is an important goal in animal production. Previous research has demonstrated the ability of Original XPCTM to reduce the stress response of broilers during heat stress. Three trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of adding Original XPCTM to the feed or AviCareTM to the water on stress susceptibility of broiler chickens. Treatments included: control nonstressed (CNS), control stressed (CS), stressed with Original XPCTM (1.25 kg/metric ton feed, 0–42 days; XPC), and stressed with AviCareTM (160 mL/100 L drinking water, 0–42 days; AVI). All stressed treatments received the following stressors: live coccidiosis vaccination (day 1), reared on reused litter (days 0–42), and heat stress with feed/water withdrawal (12 h on day 18). Plasma corticosterone and heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio were determined from 60 birds/T on day 19, and 24 birds/T on day 41. Physical asymmetry was determined using bilateral bone measurements from 60 birds/T on day 41. Birds provided XPC or AVI had lower corticosterone and H/L ratios than CS (p < 0.05) on day 19 and lower corticosterone, H/L ratios, and asymmetry scores than both CNS and CS on day 41 (p < 0.05) in all three trials. Supplementing XPC or AVI improved broiler welfare measured by reduced stress indicators after acute heat stress or normal rearing stress in all trials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Stress Susceptibility of Broiler Chickens by Supplementing a Yeast Fermentation Product in the Feed or Drinking Water

Nelson

McIntyre

Pavlidis

et al. 2018

Animals

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“…The current study evaluates for benefits to feeding layer pullets XPC in the face of an MG challenge. Other studies have been conducted on the effects of XPC on the cecal microbiota ( McIntyre et al., 2014 , Guyard-Nicodème et al., 2016 , Rubinelli et al., 2016 , Park et al., 2017 , Roto et al., 2017 ), fecal bacteria shedding ( Feye et al., 2016 ), organ weight ( Osweiler et al., 2010 ), and performance ( El-Husseiny et al., 2008 , Osweiler et al., 2010 , Feye et al., 2016 , Roto et al., 2017 ) of broilers. Furthermore, its effects on the performance of broiler breeder hens ( Kidd et al., 2013 ) and on the intestinal health ( Lensing et al., 2012 ), production performance ( Lensing et al., 2012 , Suarez Martinez et al., 2018 ), and egg component yield and composition ( Suarez Martinez et al., 2018 ) in laying hens have been investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of commercial prebiotic compounds has been shown to modulate the immune system, reduce pathogen colonization in the gut, and promote intestinal development and growth performance in chickens ( El-Husseiny et al., 2008 , Roto, 2016 , Roto et al., 2017 , Peebles, 2020 ). A reduction in the use of antibiotics as a feed additive has further prompted the investigation and use of dietary probiotics, prebiotics, and microbe-based feed additives ( Dizaji and Pirmohammadi, 2009 , Suarez Martinez et al., 2018 , Peebles, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and humoral immune effects of dietary Original XPC in layer pullets challenged with Mycoplasma gallisepticum

et al. 2020

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Effects of dietary Original XPC (XPC) in commercial layer pullets challenged with the virulent, low passage R strain of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (R low MG) were investigated. Hy-Line W-36 pullets sourced from MG-clean breeders were fed a basal diet with or without (CON) XPC (1.25 kg/metric ton) from hatch until 12 wk of age (woa). At 8 and 10 woa, half of the birds in each dietary treatment were challenged with R low MG. Body weight was recorded at 3, 8, and 12 woa, and ovary, ceca, and bursa weights were recorded at 3 and 12 woa. Blood samples were taken immediately before the initial R low MG challenge at 8 woa and again at 12 woa to test for IgM and IgG antibody production against MG. All birds were evaluated for MG lesion scores at 12 woa. Regardless of challenge, inclusion of XPC in the diet did not significantly alter BW at 3 or 8 woa or relative organ weights at 3 or 12 woa. However, at 12 woa, BW of XPC-fed birds, regardless of challenge was significantly ( P = 0.0038) heavier than CON by 25.7 g. All birds tested negative for MG antibodies before the 8 woa challenge. Respective percentage serum plate agglutination and ELISA positive birds at 12 woa were 0 and 0% (CON, nonchallenged), 1.4 and 0% (XPC, nonchallenged), 100 and 47.2% (CON, challenged), and 100 and 50.0% (XPC, challenged). Diet did not significantly affect ELISA titers, but they were significantly ( P < 0.0001) increased due to challenge. Furthermore, lesion scores were significantly higher for R low MG-challenged birds ( P = 0.0012), and dietary treatment with XPC in challenged birds numerically reduced MG lesion scores from 0.278 to 0.194. In conclusion, although dietary XPC did not significantly alter the humoral immune response, antibody titer levels, or severity of MG lesions in layer pullets that were or were not challenged with R low MG, it led to an increase in their rate of growth through 12 woa.

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“…Evidence also suggests that the microbiota dictates both the window of opportunity for Campylobacter colonization in poultry, while also aiding in the TH 1 immune response polarization to control Campylobacter colonization (Han et al, 2017). Previous research by our group and others demonstrated that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentate Original XPC TM (XPC; Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA, United States) inhibits Salmonella Typhimurium, both in an in vitro anaerobic mixed culture assay and in vivo (Feye et al, 2016;Rubinelli et al, 2016;Roto et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preliminary Development of an in vitro Poultry Cecal Culture Model to Evaluate the Effects of Original XPCTM for the Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and Its Potential Effects on the Microbiota

et al. 2020

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Poultry is a major reservoir for the pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. C. jejuni inhabits the poultry gastrointestinal tract as a part of the gut microbiota. The objective of this study was to evaluate both the survival of C. jejuni and the changes in the population dynamics of the cecal microbiome during an in vitro C. jejuni inoculation in the presence or absence of the functional metabolites of Diamond V Original XPC TM (XPC). Two independent trials were conducted. Broiler chickens (n = 6 per Trial 1 and n = 3 per Trial 2) were raised according to standard industry guidelines and euthanized on Day 41. The ceca were collected aseptically, their contents removed independently and then used in an in vitro microaerobic model with 0.1% cecal contents + Campylobacter with or without 1% XPC (w/v). Before the inoculation with a chloramphenicol resistant marker strain of C. jejuni, the cecal contents were pre-incubated with XPC at 42 • C for 24 h, in a shaking incubator (200 rpm) under microaerobic conditions, then experimentally inoculated with 10 8 /ml of C. jejuni into the appropriate treatment groups. At 0 and 24 h for Trial 1, and 48 h for Trial 2, sub-samples of the culture (n = 3 ceca, two technical replicates per ceca, XPC alone or ceca culture alone) were enumerated using a Petroff-Hausser counter, and the DNA was extracted for microbiome analysis. DNA was isolated using the Qiagen QIAamp Fast Stool DNA Mini Kit and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The reads were filtered, normalized, and assigned taxonomical identities using the QIIME2 pipeline. The relative microbiota populations were identified via ANCOM. Altogether, evidence suggests that XPC alters the microbiome, and in turn reduces Campylobacter survival.

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Effects of feeding Original XPC™ to broilers with a live coccidiosis-vaccine under industry conditions: Part 1. Growth performance and Salmonella inhibition

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Reducing Stress Susceptibility of Broiler Chickens by Supplementing a Yeast Fermentation Product in the Feed or Drinking Water

Reducing Stress Susceptibility of Broiler Chickens by Supplementing a Yeast Fermentation Product in the Feed or Drinking Water

Growth and humoral immune effects of dietary Original XPC in layer pullets challenged with Mycoplasma gallisepticum

The Preliminary Development of an in vitro Poultry Cecal Culture Model to Evaluate the Effects of Original XPCTM for the Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and Its Potential Effects on the Microbiota

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