Effects of feeding flaxseed or sunflower-seed in high-forage diets on beef production, quality and fatty acid composition

Mapiye, Cletos; Aalhus, J. L.; Turner, Thomas L.; Rolland, D. C.; Basarab, J. A.; Baron, Vern S.; McAllister, Tim A.; Block, H. C.; Uttaro, B.; López-Campos, Ó.; Proctor, Spencer D.; Dugan, M. E. R.

doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.033

Cited by 72 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In parallel, proportions of several other AD isomers with the first double bond at carbon 8 or 9 from the carboxyl end (t8,c12-, t8,c13-; c9,t12-, t9, c12-, t9,t12-/c9,t13-18:2; Figure 1a) were also increased when SS and DDGS were added to diets, as these are likely 18:2n-6 BHP. These results mirror previous studies when feeding diets containing RCS plus SS (Mapiye et al, 2013a) or wheat DDGS (Aldai et al, 2010b;Dugan et al, 2010). The greater (P < 0.05) proportions of t8,c12-and t8,c13-18:2 found when feeding DDGS-15 and DDGS-30 diets as opposed to the SS diet may be ascribed to higher DMI and passage rates associated with DDGS (Allen and Grant, 2000).…”

Section: Lt Fassupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Across diets, t11-18:1 was the dominant t-18:1 isomer representing 45% of total isomers. As we had anticipated, adding SS to the control diet led to a sizeable increase (1.2-fold) in vaccenic acid, but the response was not as dramatic as we had achieved previously when feeding a similar diet (Mapiye et al, 2013a). Again, as for rumenic acid, differences may relate to a slightly lower crude fat level in diets with added PUFA, or perhaps because of differences in composition or quality of other dietary components.…”

Section: Lt Fasmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…AD and CLA), feeding SS as a source of 18:2n-6 resulted in rumenic acid as the major BH product, increasing its content 0.5 fold over control. The proportion was, however, lower (1.5%) than previously attained when feeding a similar diet (Mapiye et al, 2013a). Differences may relate to a slightly lower crude fat level in the diet, or perhaps differences in composition or quality of other dietary components.…”

Section: Lt Fasmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…In a follow-up study, we fed 70 : 30 forage : concentrate diets, with either grass hay or RCS as the forage source, and flaxseed or sunflower seed (SS) as sources of linolenic (18:3n-3) and linoleic (18:2n-6) acids, respectively. We found that feeding the RCS-SS diet yielded the largest proportions of vaccenic and rumenic acids, and the smallest proportions of BHP with either detrimental or unknown effects on human health (Mapiye et al, 2013a). Feeding diets containing RCS v. grass hay, however, resulted in lower growth rates, smaller carcases and meat with a less desirable appearance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Feed analysis Feed samples were collected weekly and stored at − 40°C, then pooled monthly before determination of DM, minerals, crude fat, CP, NDF, ADF and FA as described previoulsy by Mapiye et al (2013a).…”

Section: Animals and Dietary Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inclusion of sunflower seed and wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles in a red clover silage-based diet enhances steers performance, meat quality and fatty acid profiles

Mapiye

Aalhus

Turner

et al. 2014

Animal

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The current study compared beef production, quality and fatty acid (FA) profiles of yearling steers fed a control diet containing 70 : 30 red clover silage (RCS) : barley-based concentrate, a diet containing 11% sunflower seed (SS) substituted for barley, and diets containing SS with15% or 30% wheat dried distillers' grain with solubles (DDGS). Additions of DDGS were balanced by reductions in RCS and SS to maintain crude fat levels in diets. A total of two pens of eight animals were fed per diet for an average period of 208 days. Relative to the control diet, feeding the SS diet increased ( P < 0.05) average daily gain, final live weight and proportions of total n-6 FA, non-conjugated 18:2 biohydrogenation products (i.e. atypical dienes) with the first double bond at carbon 8 or 9 from the carboxyl end, conjugated linoleic acid isomers with the first double bond from carbon 7 to 10 from the carboxyl end, t-18:1 isomers, and reduced ( P < 0.05) the proportions of total n-3 FA, conjugated linolenic acids, branched-chain FA, odd-chain FA and 16:0. Feeding DDGS-15 and DDGS-30 diets v. the SS diet further increased ( P < 0.05) average daily gains, final live weight, carcass weight, hot dressing percentage, fat thickness, rib-eye muscle area, and improved instrumental and sensory panel meat tenderness. However, in general feeding DGGS-15 or DDGS-30 diets did not change FA proportions relative to feeding the SS diet. Overall, adding SS to a RCS-based diet enhanced muscle proportions of 18:2n-6 biohydrogenation products, and further substitutions of DDGS in the diet improved beef production, and quality while maintaining proportions of potentially functional bioactive FA including vaccenic and rumenic acids.

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Section: Lt Fassupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Lt Fasmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Lt Fasmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Animals and Dietary Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Inclusion of sunflower seed and wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles in a red clover silage-based diet enhances steers performance, meat quality and fatty acid profiles

Mapiye

Aalhus

Turner

et al. 2014

Animal

Self Cite

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Comparing the lipogenic and cholesterolgenic effects of individual trans‐18:1 isomers in liver cells

Vahmani

Meadus

Duff

et al. 2016

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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The present study compared the lipogenic/cholesterolgenic effects of t6‐, t9‐ (positive control), t10‐, t11‐, t13‐, t14‐, t15‐18:1, cis(c)9‐18:1 (cis control) or bovine serum albumin (BSA; negative control) in liver cells (HepG2). Fatty acids (100 μM) were complexed to BSA, and cells were incubated for 24 h. Two wells of cells were cultured per treatment per experiment, and the experiment was repeated three times (n = 6). The fatty acid treatments had no effect on cell viability compared to BSA. The content of triacylglycerol (TG) and cholesteryl esters (CE) were increased (P < 0.05) when culturing with t6‐, t9‐, and t10‐18:1 compared to BSA control, but were not affected (P > 0.05) by other fatty acid treatments. Consistent with the effects on TG and CE, culturing cells with t6‐, t9‐, or t10‐18:1 upregulated expression of several genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, and effects were most consistent for t6‐18:1. Esterification of t18:1 isomers into TG was 1.7‐fold greater when cells were cultured with t6‐, t9‐, and t10‐18:1 compared to t11‐, t13‐, t14‐, and t15‐18:1. The results from the present study indicate t6‐, t9‐, and t10‐18:1 induce lipogenic/cholesterolgenic gene expression resulting in increased cellular content of TG and CE, while t11‐, t13‐, t14‐, and t15‐18:1 responded similarly to c9‐18:1 and control treatments. Practical application: Trans fatty acids have been associated with cardiovascular disease mainly through adverse effects on blood lipoprotein profiles. Several t18:1 isomers are found in foods, but studies on individual isomers have been mostly limited to t9‐ and t11‐18:1. The isomer specific effects of other t18:1 isomers have been limited because of their lack of commercial availability. To investigate the effects of individual t18:1 isomers, we isolated and purified several isomers from beef fat using silver‐ion chromatography techniques. We examined the effects of seven t18:1 isomers in liver cells on cellular triacylglycerol and cholesterol content, fatty acid composition, and expression of key genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol syntheses. Our results indicate that the major t18:1 isomers found in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, and ruminant fats when feeding grain based diets (i.e., t6‐ to t10‐18:1) have more potent lipogenic/cholesterolgenic effects compared to isomers enriched in ruminant fats when feeding forage based diets (i.e., t11‐ to t15‐18:1). The major trans(t)18:1 isomers found in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, and ruminant fats when feeding grain based diets (i.e., t6‐ to t10‐18:1) induced lipogenic/cholesterolgenic gene expression in liver cells resulting in increased cellular content of triacylglycerol and cholesteryl esters. In contrast, t‐18:1 isomers enriched in ruminant fats when feeding forage based diets (i.e., t11‐ to t15‐18:1) responded similarly to cis9‐18:1 and control treatments.

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Impacts of fat from ruminants' meat on cardiovascular health and possible strategies to alter its lipid composition

Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez

Larraín

2017

J Sci Food Agric

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In the last few decades there has been increased consumer interest in the fatty acid (FA) composition of ruminant meat due to its content of saturated FAs, which have been implicated in diseases associated with modern life. However, recent studies have questioned the recommendations to reduce intake of fat, saturated FAs and cholesterol as a means of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Interestingly, ruminant meat has some bioactive lipids such as C18:1t11 and C18:2 c9, t11 which have been reported to have positive effects on human health. In order to improve muscle fat composition from a human health standpoint, oilseeds, plant oils and marine oils can be used in ruminant diets. On the other hand, molecular mechanisms play an important role in the alteration of the FA composition of muscle fat. Genetics offer a wide range of possibilities for improvement of muscle fat composition by identifying different loci underlying the expression of quantitative traits. While significant progress has been made in characterizing the influence of diet on the FA composition of ruminant meat, the use of genetic tools can favor genotypes that could maximize their genetic potential through the diet. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Effects of feeding flaxseed or sunflower-seed in high-forage diets on beef production, quality and fatty acid composition

Cited by 72 publications

References 70 publications

Inclusion of sunflower seed and wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles in a red clover silage-based diet enhances steers performance, meat quality and fatty acid profiles

Inclusion of sunflower seed and wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles in a red clover silage-based diet enhances steers performance, meat quality and fatty acid profiles

Comparing the lipogenic and cholesterolgenic effects of individual trans‐18:1 isomers in liver cells

Impacts of fat from ruminants' meat on cardiovascular health and possible strategies to alter its lipid composition

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