Effects of feeding 4 levels of soy protein for 3 and 6 wk on blood lipids and apolipoproteins in moderately hypercholesterolemic men

Teixeira, Sandra R.; Potter, Susan M.; Weigel, Ronald M.; Hannum, Sandra M.; Erdman, John W.; Hasler, Clare M.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.5.1077

Cited by 143 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Further, there is large variability in response to soy as shown in the meta-analysis, since about half of the 31 studies analysed by Anderson et al (1995) showed only minimal LDL-C lowering for reasons that have not been resolved. Among recent well-designed and executed trials, the reduction in non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been as low as 2.6% (Teixeira et al, 2000) or that of LDL-C no greater than with the milk protein-based control diets (Teede et al, 2001;Meinertz et al, 2002). As is seen with other cholesterol-lowering nutritional interventions, the best responses to soy protein were shown by individuals with the highest initial LDL-C levels (Crouse et al, 1999;Vigna et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biochanin-enriched isoflavone from red clover lowers LDL cholesterol in men

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To determine whether the two major isoflavones in red clover differ in their effect on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Design: A randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial; two parallel groups taking one of the two isoflavones within which treatment and placebo were administered in a crossover design. Setting: Free-living volunteers. Subjects: A total of 46 middle-aged men and 34 postmenopausal women. Intervention: Two mixtures of red clover isoflavones enriched in either biochanin (n ¼ 40) or formononetin (n ¼ 40) were compared. Placebo and active treatment (40 mg/day) were administered for 6 weeks each in a crossover design within the two parallel groups. Main outcome measures: Plasma lipids were measured twice at the end of each period. Results: Baseline LDL-C concentrations did not differ significantly between men (n ¼ 46) and women (n ¼ 34), nor between those randomised to biochanin or formononetin. Interaction between time and treatments, biochanin, formononetin and corresponding placebos (two-way ANOVA) on LDL-C showed a significant effect of biochanin treatment alone. The biochanin effect was confined to men; median LDL-C was 3.61 (3.05-4.14) mmol/l with biochanin and 3.99 (3.16-4.29) mmol/l with the corresponding placebo (RM ANOVA with Dunnett's adjustment Po0.05). The difference between placebo and biochanin effects on LDL-C was 9.5%. No other lipid was affected and women failed to respond significantly to treatment. Conclusion: Isolated isoflavones from red clover enriched in biochanin (genistein precursor) but not in formononetin (daidzein precursor), lowered LDL-C in men. This may partly explain the previous failure to demonstrate cholesterol-lowering effects with mixed isoflavones studied predominantly in women.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biochanin-enriched isoflavone from red clover lowers LDL cholesterol in men

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consumption of soy proteins in place of animal proteins can significantly lower plasma LDL cholesterol and triglycerides without affecting HDL cholesterol (Anderson et al, 1995). Results from randomized controlled trials have shown that 20-50 g of soy proteins daily may significantly reduce LDL cholesterol in mildly hypercholesterolaemic individuals (Baum et al, 1998;Crouse et al, 1999;Teixeira et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional intakes of 1072 French free-living men with and without diagnosed cardiovascular risk factors

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To compare the dietary intakes of free-living people with and without previously diagnosed diet-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and diabetes). Design: Cross-sectional survey on cardiovascular risk factors including a three-consecutive-day food record. Setting: Multicentre setting in Lille (northern France), Strasbourg (north-east) and Toulouse (south-west) areas. Subjects: A total of 1072 middle-aged men randomly selected from the general population: group 1 (504 men without previously diagnosed diet-modifiable risk factor), group 2 (377 men with one previously diagnosed diet-modifiable risk factor) and group 3 (191 men with two or three previously diagnosed diet-modifiable risk factors). Interventions: None. Results: Total daily energy intake equalled 10731 kJ/day (standard error: 119), 9991 (138) and 9737 (166) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively (Po0.0001 for ANOVA comparing the three groups), and daily energy intake without alcohol equalled 9860 (115), 9096 (132) and 8654 (159) kJ/day (Po0.0001). The proportion of calories from animal proteins (in daily energy intake without alcohol) increased from group 1 to 3 (Po0.0001), whereas the proportion from oligosaccharides decreased (Po0.0001). The proportion of calories from alcohol (in total daily energy intake) increased with the number of risk factors (Po0.0001). These results remained significant after adjustment for confounders. No significant group differences were found in the proportions of energy from polysaccharides, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats. Conclusions: As compared with subjects without risk factor, significant quantitative and qualitative changes are observed in individuals with diagnosed hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia or diabetes. However, lower consumptions of saturated fats and alcohol are needed.

show abstract

“…Only four of the 19 RCTs reported a statistically significant effect of ISP on blood LDL (Hoie et al, 2005b;Radhakrishnan et al, 2009) or non-HDL (Baum et al, 1998;Teixeira et al, 2000) cholesterol concentrations. These studies considered a total of 309 subjects for data analyses (15-41 subjects per group) and provided 20 to 40 g of ISP per day for six to 24 weeks.…”

Section: Scientific Substantiation Of the Claimed Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In eight of the 19 RCTs, background diet was not assessed and possible confounding effects resulting from differences in background diet between the intervention and the control were not taken into account. Dietary intake was assessed in the remaining 11 studies, either by food frequency questionnaires (Allen et al, 2007;Crouse et al, 1999;Kreijkamp-Kaspers et al, 2004;Thorp et al, 2008) or by three-day dietary records (Baum et al, 1998;Greany et al, 2004;McVeigh et al, 2006;Santo et al, 2008;Steinberg et al, 2003;Teixeira et al, 2000;Van Horn et al, 2001). …”

Section: Scientific Substantiation Of the Claimed Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies considered a total of 309 subjects for data analyses (15-41 subjects per group) and provided 20 to 40 g of ISP per day for six to 24 weeks. The intervention was preceded by a run-in phase in two studies (Baum et al, 1998;Teixeira et al, 2000) and statistical analyses in all the studies were carried out per protocol or in the complete case population. One study (Radhakrishnan et al, 2009) was powered to detect a 7 % decrease in cholesterol concentrations between groups (β=0.2; α=0.05).…”

Section: Scientific Substantiation Of the Claimed Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to isolated soy protein and reduction of blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006

Products¹

2012

EFSA Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Following an application from the European Natural Soyfood Manufacturers Association (ENSA), the European Vegetable Protein Federation (EUVEPRO) and the Soya Protein Association (SPA), submitted pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924 via the Competent Authority of Belgium, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific substantiation of a health claim related to isolated soy protein (ISP) and reduction of blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations, referring to disease risk reduction. The food constituent that is the subject of the health claim, ISP (as defined by the applicant), is sufficiently characterised in relation to the claimed effect. A reduction of blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations is a beneficial physiological effect. A reduction in blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations reduces the risk of CHD. In weighing the evidence, the Panel took into account that under similar conditions four randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reported an effect of ISP on blood LDL/non-HDL cholesterol concentrations, whereas 14 RCTs did not report such an effect, and another RCT showed no consistent effects. The Panel also took into account that most of these RCTs were at high risk of bias, that differences in the results obtained between trials appear unrelated to the dose of ISP used, to sample size or to study duration, and that the evidence provided in support of a possible mechanism was not convincing. A cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of ISP (as defined by the applicant) and a reduction in blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations. The scope of the application was proposed to fall under a health claim referring to disease risk reduction. © European FoodThe food constituent that is the subject of the health claim is "protein-rich soybean component with limited quantities of macro-and micronutrients", which upon a request from EFSA was further defined by the applicant as ISP. The Panel considers that ISP (as defined by the applicant) is sufficiently characterised in relation to the claimed effect.The claimed effect is "reduction of total and LDL-cholesterol in healthy subjects with normal or mildly elevated blood cholesterol; a reduction of total and LDL cholesterol has been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease". The target population proposed by the applicant is healthy subjects with normal or mildly elevated blood cholesterol levels. The Panel considers that reduction of blood LDLcholesterol concentrations is a beneficial physiological effect. A reduction in blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations reduces the risk of CHD.The applicant identified 23 RCTs, which used ISP and one RCT which used the water insoluble fraction of a partially hydrolysed soy protein as interventions for the scientific substantiation of the claim, and presented an unpublished meta-analysis of 23 of these 24 RCTs. In addition, six RCTs, which used whole soy foods, and eight observational studies were provided as well as one animal a...

show abstract

Effects of feeding 4 levels of soy protein for 3 and 6 wk on blood lipids and apolipoproteins in moderately hypercholesterolemic men

Abstract: Our findings show that consuming as little as 20 g soy protein/d instead of animal protein for 6 wk reduces concentrations of non-HDL cholesterol and apo B by approximately 2.6% and 2.2%, respectively. 2000;71:-84.

Cited by 143 publications

References 18 publications

A biochanin-enriched isoflavone from red clover lowers LDL cholesterol in men

A biochanin-enriched isoflavone from red clover lowers LDL cholesterol in men

Nutritional intakes of 1072 French free-living men with and without diagnosed cardiovascular risk factors

Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to isolated soy protein and reduction of blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About