Effects of feed supplementation with 3 different probiotic Bacillus strains and their combination on the performance of broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens

Sandvang, Dorthe; Skjoet-Rasmussen, Line; Cantor, M. D.; Mathis, Greg F.; Lumpkins, Brett; Blanch, Alfred

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.01.005

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Moreover, in our trial, EEF results were similar between AGP and PB groups, which is highly relevant because it includes all indicators of zootechnical importance and is in agreement with previous results ( Fritts et al., 2000 ; Opalinski et al., 2007 ; Bitterncout et al., 2011 ; Knap et al., 2011 ; Jayaraman et al., 2017 ; Manafi et al., 2017 ; Krueger et al., 2020 ). While other reported a significant increase in the productive performance using B. subtilis as a probiotic ( Aliakbarpour et al., 2012 ; Barrera et al., 2014 ; Nguyen et al., 2015 ; Harrington et al., 2016 ; Abudabos et al., 2017 ; Ciurescu et al., 2020 ; Sandvang et al., 2021 ), while others, reported null or insignificant productive effects ( Pelicano et al., 2004 ; Lee et al., 2010 ; Dersjant et al., 2014 ; Waititu et al., 2014 ). These differences can be due to factors inherent in each experimental design, such as the combination of probiotic strains, administration dose, age of the birds, farm hygiene, environmental stress factors, and diet composition ( Aliakbarpour et al., 2012 ; Bai et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These differences should be further investigated since many different mechanisms have been reported to affect bird development. For instance: decrease in intestinal pH ( Reis et al., 2017 ; Ciurescu et al., 2020 ), reduction of toxic compounds ( Aliakbarpour et al., 2012 ), competitive exclusion ( Abudabos et al., 2017 ; Bai et al., 2017 ), mucin production ( Bilal et al., 2021 ), modulation of the immune system ( Camargo et al., 2012 ), production of antibacterial substances ( Darabi et al., 2014 , Batkowska et al., 2015 , Florido et al., 2017 ), fermentation of simple sugars ( Barrera et al., 2014 , Sandvang et al., 2021 ), production of lactic acid ( Barrera et al., 2014 ) and production of extracellular enzymes such as amylase, protease, and lipase ( Ciurescu et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

2021

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The global poultry trend toward the more responsible use of antibiotics is becoming recurrent and has demanded the need to generate new natural alternatives. Probiotics have gained importance as an option to use as growth promoters. This study aimed to evaluate Bacillus subtillis QST713 as a substitute for an antibiotic growth promoter ( BMD ). A total of 150 male broilers were assigned to three dietary treatments: 1) control diet ( CO ), 2) control diet + 500 g/t of BMD ( AGP ), and 3) control diet + 100 g/t of B. subtilis QST713 ( PB ), respectively. Each treatment was monitored for 5 wk for the productive variables: body weight, accumulated feed consumption, food conversion, and European efficiency factor. At the end of each week, fresh fecal samples were cultured and quantified for E. coli, Enterococcus spp., and Lactobacillus spp. At the end of the trial, blood samples were analyzed for hemogram and intestinal samples (anterior portion) for histomorphometry. The data were statistically analyzed with an analysis of variance and subjected to a least significant difference test (Tukey). The zootechnical yields were similar in the AGP and PB groups ( P ˃ 0.05); both superior to the control group. In the hematological profiles, no difference was observed between the experimental groups. E. coli and Enterococcus counts were significantly lower ( P ˂ 0.05), and Lactobacillus counts were significantly ( P ˂ 0.05) higher in the PB group, relative to CO and AGP groups. No differences ( P ˃ 0.05) were found in bacterial counts between the CO and AGP groups. The intestinal mucosa and villi in the PB group were significantly ( P ˂ 0.05) longer and with less deeper crypts than CO and AGP groups. We conclude that B. subtillis QST713, used at the suggested commercial dose (100 g/ton), is an effective growth-promoting alternative to BMD that modulates the microbiota and intestinal architecture, thus producing zootechnical yields consistent with BMD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

2021

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“…There are some evidence to suggest that different Bacillus species and subspecies interact with the digesta and the gut microbiota in a variety of ways ( 16 , 21 , 22 ). A commercial DFM, containing two or more defined strains geared to boost poultry performance, must be selected to observe synergistic or additive effects to avoid compromising the efficiency of the product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-Genome Sequence and Interaction Analysis in the Production of Six Enzymes From the Three Bacillus Strains Present in a Commercial Direct-Fed Microbial (Norum™) Using a Bliss Independence Test

et al. 2022

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The three Bacillus strains present in Norum™ were initially selected by their excellent to good relative enzyme activity (REA) production score for amylase, protease, lipase, phytase, cellulase, β-glucanase, and xylanase. Further studies confirmed that the three isolates also showed an antibacterial activity, Gram-positive and Gram-negative poultry pathogens. Norum™ (Eco-Bio/Euxxis Bioscience LLC) is a Bacillus spore direct-fed microbial (DFM). The Bacillus isolates were screened and selected based on in vitro enzyme production profiles. Moreover, in chickens fed high non-starch polysaccharides, this DFM demonstrated to reduce digesta viscosity, bacterial translocation, increase performance, bone mineralization, and balance the intestinal microbiota. In the present study, we present the whole-genome sequence of each of the three isolates in Norum™, as well as the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effects on the enzyme production behavior of the three Bacillus strains and their combinations when grown together vs. when grown individually. The whole-genome sequence identified isolate AM1002 as Bacillus subtilis (isolate 1), isolate AM0938 as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (isolate 2), and isolate JD17 as Bacillus licheniformis (isolate 3). The three Bacillus isolates used in the present study produce different enzymes (xylanase, cellulase, phytase, lipase, protease, and β-glucanase). However, this production was modified when two or more Bacillus strains were combined, suggesting possible synergistic, antagonistic, or additive interactions. The Bliss analysis suggested (p < 0.05) that the combination of Bacillus strains 1–2 and 1–2–3 had intermediate effects and predicted that the combination of Bacillus strains 2–3 could have better effects than the combination of all the three Bacillus strains. In summary, the current study demonstrated the need of selecting Bacillus strains based on quantitative enzyme determination and data analysis to assess the impacts of combinations to avoid antagonistic interactions that could limit treatment efficacy. These results suggest that using Bacillus strains 2–3 together could lead to a new generation of DFMs with effects superior to those already examined in Bacillus strains 1–2–3 and, therefore, a potential alternative to growth-promoting antibiotics. More research utilizing poultry models is being considered to confirm and expand the existing findings.

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“…The results indicate that it could be a substitute for antibiotics and an effective growth promoter in broiler breeding [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. The use of probiotics is of increasing importance for the alleviation of weight and immunity deficiencies as well as for lowering the mortality ratio in broiler farms [ 117 ]. The discussed studies show the positive effect of LAB and its metabolites on the welfare of farm animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics and Postbiotics as Substitutes of Antibiotics in Farm Animals: A Review

Zamojska

Nowak

et al. 2021

Animals

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Since 2006, the use of growth-promoting antibiotics has been banned throughout the European Union. To meet the expectations of livestock farmers, various studies have been carried out with the use of lactic acid bacteria. Scientists are trying to obtain the antimicrobial effect against the most common pathogens in large-scale farms. Supplementing the diet of broilers with probiotics (live, nonpathogenic microorganisms) stabilized the intestinal microbiota, which improved the results of body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI). The positive effect of probiotics based on lactic acid bacteria has been shown to prevent the occurrence of diarrhea during piglet weaning. The antagonistic activity of postbiotics (inanimate bacteria, cell components, or post-fermentation by-products) from post-culture media after lactobacilli cultures has been proven on Staphylococcus aureus—the pathogen most often responsible for causing mastitis among dairy cows. The article aims to present the latest research examining the antagonistic effect of lactic acid bacteria on the most common pathogens in broilers, piglets, pigs, and cow farms.

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Effects of feed supplementation with 3 different probiotic Bacillus strains and their combination on the performance of broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

Whole-Genome Sequence and Interaction Analysis in the Production of Six Enzymes From the Three Bacillus Strains Present in a Commercial Direct-Fed Microbial (Norum™) Using a Bliss Independence Test

Probiotics and Postbiotics as Substitutes of Antibiotics in Farm Animals: A Review

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