Effects of FDI inflows on regional labour market differences in Hungary

Fazekas, Károly

doi:10.3917/ecoi.102.0083

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, this effect was more noticeable in the coastal regions where FDI was concentrated. Findings also confirmed by Fazekas (2005) for the case of Central Europe, namely that FDI only accentuated the phenomenon of geographical concentration, especially in the host regions, while leading to an increase in wages in the latter, thus further fueling regional inequalities. Bakker (2019) when studying the case of developed countries also subsequently confirmed this point.…”

Section: ) Findings Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 56%

Trade Openness and Regional Inequality: Case of Tunisia

Younes

Ameur²

2023

EJBMR

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Since the 1990s, Tunisia has experienced an increasingly pronounced trade openness and has adopted a multitude of reforms to reinforce it through a large number of agreements with different foreign partners. However, this openness has gone simultaneously with an increase in regional inequalities wish have continued to grow, that is why we are interested in verifying, on one side, how this openness affects economic growth and, on the other one, whether it increases regional disparities within the country over the period (1990-2018). We start from the hypothesis that if trade openness manages to boost economic growth, its positive outcomes can have a contrasting effect at the regional level, benefiting some regions to the detriment of others. By crossing this double effect openness can accentuate territorial imbalances. We will use panel data econometrics to estimate our model. We will test the effect of openness on territorial disparities for the Tunisian case, especially between the 24 governorates where, there is no measure of regional inequalities yet, hence the interest of this study. Our econometric analysis clearly shows that the differences in endowments and characteristics at the level of the regions, such as differences in infrastructure or human capital, positively affect regional inequalities. Openness also appears to be a factor of positive influence, in particular by enhancing the polarization of economic activities and FDI within certain regions to the detriment of others.

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Section: ) Findings Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 56%

Trade Openness and Regional Inequality: Case of Tunisia

Younes

Ameur²

2023

EJBMR

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“…The number of students in higher education in counties. (Fazekas, 2000) Urbanization The total number of inhabitant counties. (Patra, 2019) Dwelling Basic facilities available in households in counties.…”

Section: Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretable Machine-Learning Approach in Estimating FDI Inflow: Visualization of ML Models with LIME and H2O

Singh

2021

TalTech Journal of European Studies

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In advancement of interpretable machine learning (IML), this research proposes local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) as a new visualization technique in a novel informative way to analyze the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow. This article examines the determinants of FDI inflow through IML with a supervised learning method to analyze the foreign investment determinants in Hungary by using an open-source artificial intelligence H2O platform. This author used three ML algorithms—general linear model (GML), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and random forest (RF) classifier—to analyze the FDI inflow from 2001 to 2018. The result of this study shows that in all three classifiers GBM performs better to analyze FDI inflow determinants. The variable value of production in a region is the most influenced determinant to the inflow of FDI in Hungarian regions. Explanatory visualizations are presented from the analyzed dataset, which leads to their use in decision-making.

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“…Unemployment rates are alarmingly high in autism (Espelöer et al, 2022) and it is time to draw society's attention to the needs of people with autism in the working environment in order to enable them to join the labor market, from which all parties could benefit, considering special strengths people with autism could bring to the workforce (Johnson & Joshi, 2016;Sarrett, 2017). However, in the labor market, social skills are often required, which presents a major challenge for individuals with ASD (Arora, 2017;Fazekas, 2020;Riggio, 2020). Already the job application process is a challenge for individuals with ASD, requiring flexibility and adaptation to new routines, overcoming miscommunication as well as social interaction deficits (Baldwin et al, 2014;Hurlbutt & Chalmers, 2004;Müller et al, 2003;Sarrett, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of social competences in the workplace poses a challenge for people with mental disorders, as various disorders are associated with impairments in social interaction and communication, which might cause challenges in finding and maintaining suitable workplaces (Arora, 2017;Brunello & Schlotter, 2011;Fazekas, 2020;Olesen et al, 2013;Riggio, 2020). Autism-specific social characteristics should receive special scrutiny because, in particular, the psychosocial outcomes of young adults with ASD lag behind compared to persons with other mental disorders or disabilities and comparable demographics (Chen et al, 2015;Howlin, 2013;Howlin & Moss, 2012;Roux et al, 2013;Shattuck et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is specific about employment status, workplace experiences and requirements in individuals with autism in Germany?

Espelöer,

Proft,

Kemmer

et al. 2023

Autism Research

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The challenge of sustainably integrating highly educated individuals with ASD without intellectual disabilities in the first labor market is repeatedly described in literature. In a retrospective study, a group of 197 clinically late-diagnosed adults with ASD without intellectual disabilities was compared to a closely matched group of 501 individuals who did not meet the criteria for the diagnosis of ASD within a utilization population of the Cologne Autism Outpatient Clinic. Results indicated that the pronounced demand for reduction of social and interpersonal requirements at the workplace (including planned or limited contact with colleagues and customers) as well as the experience of difficulties following unexpected changes in the daily routine were specific for ASD. In addition, individuals with ASD reported greater difficulties in finding a suitable job and being able to live on their wages, taking age and educational qualification into account. Supported employment measures were provided significantly more frequently to individuals in the ASD group. In conclusion, impairments in social skills emerged as one of the main obstacles of workplace performance for individuals with ASD emphasizing the necessity to develop and apply ASD-specific support services. Lay SummaryIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without intellectual disabilities show high unemployment rates despite high level of education. In order to achieve a cooperative interaction between people with and without autism, barriers that people with autism face in their working life should be spelled out. We studied 698 persons who visited the Adult Autism Outpatient Clinic, in 197 the diagnosis was confirmed, in 501 cases the diagnosis was not confirmed. Results indicated that, while all individuals in the sample had requirements for adjustment of the working environment, individuals with ASD reported a specific need for reduction of social and interpersonal requirements and for structured daily routines at work. Further, individuals with ASD reported difficulties in finding a suitable employment with sufficient salary also influenced by age and school education. In addition, individuals with ASD in the tested sample were more often supported by sheltered training measures ('supported employment'). In conclusion, difficulties in dealing with social skills demands were one of the main factors challenging CF and KV should be considered joint last authors.

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Effects of FDI inflows on regional labour market differences in Hungary

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Trade Openness and Regional Inequality: Case of Tunisia

Trade Openness and Regional Inequality: Case of Tunisia

Interpretable Machine-Learning Approach in Estimating FDI Inflow: Visualization of ML Models with LIME and H2O

What is specific about employment status, workplace experiences and requirements in individuals with autism in Germany?

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