Effects of fault rupture on seismic responses of fault-crossing simply-supported highway bridges

Zhang, Fan; Li, Shuai; Wang, Jingquan; Zhang, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.110104

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…When the fault crossing location is at the second bridge span, the resultant and longitudinal demands of pier drift decrease as the fault crossing angle approaches 90°, whereas the transverse demand increases. This observation is in agreement with the results of Zhang et al 12 . on the response of a 3‐span ordinary bridge traversed by a strike‐slip fault at the second bridge span.…”

Section: Parametric Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Previous studies have shown that the fault‐parallel component of ground motion—which encompasses the permanent ground displacement—controls the seismic response of bridge structures crossing strike‐slip faults (e.g., Refs. 5–10 and 12). However, the contribution of the fault‐normal ground‐motion component—which incorporates the forward‐directivity pulse—has not been sufficiently investigated.…”

Section: Parametric Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

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Seismic response study of ordinary and isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones

Yang

Mavroeidis

Tsopelas

2021

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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This article presents a comprehensive parametric study of ordinary and seismically isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip faults by performing nonlinear response history analysis using actual near‐fault ground‐motion records and by varying the fault crossing angle, fault crossing location, pier height, span length, seismic excitation polarity, and number of ground‐motion components. The considered ground motions include three records from major earthquakes with their peak ground displacements and pulse periods being considerably larger in the fault‐parallel component than in the fault‐normal component and one record from a strong earthquake with comparable peak ground displacements and pulse periods in both components. The analysis results indicate that fault crossing angle and fault crossing location significantly affect the displacement demands, the distributions of peak displacement responses at piers and abutments, and the deformed shapes of both ordinary and seismically isolated bridges. The most advantageous scenario is generally obtained at a fault crossing angle of 90° and a fault crossing location at the middle span of the bridge. In addition, the variation trends of isolation displacement demands and pier drift demands of seismically isolated bridges with fault crossing angle and fault crossing location appear to depend primarily on earthquake magnitude. Based on the limited number of considered records, it is also observed that utilizing only the fault‐parallel ground‐motion component is generally sufficient for the seismic analysis of bridges crossing strike‐slip faults, with the exception of seismically isolated bridges subjected to records from smaller earthquakes. Furthermore, the effect of seismic excitation polarity on the displacement demands of ordinary and seismically isolated bridges may be significant depending on the fault crossing angle. Finally, pier height and span length are found to have an insignificant effect on the displacement demands of bridges crossing strike‐slip faults.

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Section: Parametric Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Parametric Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Seismic response study of ordinary and isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones

Yang

Mavroeidis

Tsopelas

2021

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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“…Since the orientation of the apparatus in a seismic station is arbitrary, the recorded ground motions at the time of the earthquake are not necessarily the maximum, especially for the near-fault pulse-like ground motions, the seismic intensities in different directions are obviously different [38].…”

Section: Artificial Synthesizing Methods Of the Near-fault Pulse-like mentioning

confidence: 99%

Embankment Seismic Fragility Assessment under the Near-Fault Pulse-like Ground Motions by Applying the Response Surface Method

Che

Yin

Zhou

et al. 2021

Shock and Vibration

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Uncertainties of the ground motions and structural parameters are the main factors that limit the accuracy of embankment seismic fragility assessment. In response to the uncertainties of the ground motions, artificial synthesizing method of the near-fault pulse-like ground motions was proposed, and 15 ground motions with the rupture fault distances ranging from 1 to 15 km were synthesized by taking the Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, China, as an example. The Xi’an-Baoji expressway K1125 + 470 embankment was taken as the research object, and a total of 12 structural parameters were selected as the design variables, namely, the elastic modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus, density, cohesion force, and internal friction angle of the embankment fill and soil foundation, respectively. In response to the uncertainties of these parameters, 3 principal components with large impacts on the embankment seismic fragility were extracted based on the principal component analysis. Mapping relationships among the principal components and embankment seismic damages were analyzed using the uniform design response surface method, and the seismic fragility assessment was carried out and the fragility curves were plotted. The research results are consistent with the actual embankment seismic damage conditions of the Chi-Chi earthquake, indicating that the proposed method is scientific and reasonable. It also shows that it would obviously overestimate the seismic performance in the embankment seismic fragility assessment without considering the uncertainties of the ground motions and structural parameters.

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“…For example, across-fault ground motion can be obtained by combining the parametrically determined low-frequency pulse component and the high-frequency component of a strong-motion record (e.g. Yang et al 2020;Zhang et al 2020). Due to the assumption that the ground dislocation is distributed equally among the two sides of the fault, this method only applies to strike-slip fault scenario and cannot be used in dip-slip fault scenario.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Across-fault ground motions and their effects on some bridges in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake

Lin

Zong

Lin

et al. 2021

ABEN

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Simply-supported bridges are vulnerable to surface fault rupture as evidenced by several fault-crossing bridges in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. To investigate the seismic collapse mechanism of simply-supported bridges crossing the fault, across-fault ground motions are firstly simulated in the present study. In particular, based on a previously developed fault model of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, broadband across-fault ground motions at six fault-crossing bridges are simulated using the hybrid deterministic-stochastic method, in which the low- and high-frequency components are computed using the deterministic Green’s function method and the stochastic finite-fault modeling method, respectively. The simulation results indicate that the hybrid deterministic-stochastic method can give reasonable predictions to the across-fault ground motions. Furthermore, utilizing the explicit dynamic finite element (FE) code LS-DYNA, behaviors of a three-span simply-supported bridge under a selected pair of across-fault ground motions are numerically simulated. Numerical results indicate that the structural responses and collapse mechanisms are dominated by the low-frequency ground motions. The large differential static offset across the fault is the main reason for the collapse of the simply-supported bridges. This study contributes understandings for the across-fault ground motions and the collapse mechanism of some bridges in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake.

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Effects of fault rupture on seismic responses of fault-crossing simply-supported highway bridges

Cited by 38 publications

References 43 publications

Seismic response study of ordinary and isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones

Seismic response study of ordinary and isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones

Embankment Seismic Fragility Assessment under the Near-Fault Pulse-like Ground Motions by Applying the Response Surface Method

Across-fault ground motions and their effects on some bridges in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake

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