Effects of Extended Duration Testing and Time of Addition of <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>‘-Disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine on Jet Fuel Thermal Stability As Determined Using the Gravimetric JFTOT

Pande, Seetar G.; Hardy, Dennis R.

doi:10.1021/ef970096r

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These observations favor MDA introduction in small concentrations (2 mg/L) in all blends, even when the presence of metals is uncertain. This finding supports Pande and Hardy [22][23][24] in their arguments for introducing somewhat higher concentrations of MDA at the refinerysin particular, for JP-5 fuels that may subsequently be exposed to high levels of Cu contamination.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Autoxidation of Neat and Blended Aviation Fuels

Jones

Balster

1998

Energy Fuels

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The liquid-phase oxidation of eight fuels and a series of 1:1 blends has been studied at elevated temperature and pressure to simulate some of the chemical-reaction conditions that cause surface fouling in aircraft fuel lines. The time, t, needed to deplete dissolved O 2 by 50% was determined for each blend and component fuel. No simple relationship was found, i.e., linking t for blends and component fuels, attesting to the complexity of aviation-fuel autoxidation. About one-half of the blends oxidize with t being intermediate between the two components. However, many blends between fuels of low thermal stability and fuels which have been severely hydrotreated are found to exhibit unusually slow oxidation, with t being greater than that measured for either component. This phenomenon is not well understood; possible explanations focus on synergistic effects among natural antioxidants, dissolved metals, and aromatics in the blends. Measurements of surface fouling in blends selected for their unusually slow oxidation indicate that thermal stability of fuels can be improved by blending with a paraffinic/cycloparaffinic solvent. Improvements in thermal stability of 1:1 blends are comparable to those achieved by introducing conventional fuel additives.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Autoxidation of Neat and Blended Aviation Fuels

Jones

Balster

1998

Energy Fuels

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“…One of the first metal deactivator to be developed was the N , N ′‐disalicylidene‐1,2‐propanediamine (commonly referred to as MDA). In previously reported works, the beneficial effects of MDA on fuel thermal stability have been demonstrated . The chemistry of how this additive is thought to work is related to its chemical structure; as is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Quantitation method of N ,N ′-disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to a nitrogen chemiluminescence detector

et al. 2013

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Metal deactivator additives (MDAs) have been used for over 60 years to prevent metal catalyzed reactions in petroleum products; a commonly used metal deactivator is N,N'-disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine. The quantitation of low MDA concentrations in fuels is challenging due to the complexity of the sample matrix. In this work, this difficulty was overcome using GC × GC hyphenated with a nitrogen chemiluminescence detector. The high resolution power of GC × GC avoided co-elution between the MDA and other sample matrix compounds; while the enhanced sensitivity of GC × GC and the use of a nitrogen chemiluminescence detector supplied a high sensitivity and specificity for nitrogen compounds. For the analysis, the MDA additive was derivatized with the silylation agent N,O-bis (trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide at room temperature and its quantitation was based on an external calibration curve; good linear response was obtained in the 1.4-8.6 ppm range.

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“…have found no net change in deposition, whereas others have found increased deposition (Jones et al. 1997a: Pande andHardy, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…It is doubtful that fuels containing less than 100 ppb of dissolved metals will benefit from increasing the MDA concentration above 2 mg/L. • A related consequence of primary-antioxidant depletion is the formation and buildup of hydroperoxides that are known to attack polymeric 0-rings and other fuel-tank sealants--a problem that is more serious when using hydrotreated fuels (Martel, 1987) and fuels with high Cu contamination (Pande and Hardy. 1997).…”

Section: Implications To Recirculation Of Jet Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Aviation Fuels

Balster

Jones

1999

Volume 2: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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Liquid-phase oxidation of two jet fuels classified as hydro-treated and straight-run (without dissolved metals) is studied at 185°C by measuring the depletion of dissolved oxygen in an isothermal, high-pressure flowing system. The goal is to simulate some of the effects of fuel recirculation by studying changes in oxidation that occur during the course of reaction. Recirculation of fuel is used in modem aircraft to optimize the ability of the fuel to dissipate heat from component systems. Following extended oxidation (prestressing), hydrotreated fuel oxidizes more rapidly than in its neat form resulting, in part, from formation of catalytic oxidation products such as hydroperoxides and depletion of synthetic primary antioxidants. In contrast, the straight-run fuel oxidizes more slowly following prestressing; this effect is ascribed to the formation of efficient secondary antioxidants and to depletion of radical initiators. Results are discussed in terms of changes in the distribution of primary and secondary antioxidants and their effect on subsequent oxidation and the thermal stability of recirculated fuel.

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Effects of Extended Duration Testing and Time of Addition of N,N‘-Disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine on Jet Fuel Thermal Stability As Determined Using the Gravimetric JFTOT

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Autoxidation of Neat and Blended Aviation Fuels

Autoxidation of Neat and Blended Aviation Fuels

Quantitation method of N ,N ′-disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to a nitrogen chemiluminescence detector

Extended Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Aviation Fuels

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