Effects of exposure to vehicle exhaust on health.

Abstract

M. Effe cts of exposure to vehicle exhaust on health . Scand J Work En viron Health I3 (1987) 505-512. Exposure to combustion engine exhaust and its effect on crews of roll-on roll-off ships and car ferries and on bus garage staff were studied. The peak concentration s recorded for some of the substa nces stu died were as follows: total part iculate s (diesel only) 1.0 rng/rn" , benzene (diesel) 0.3 mg/rn ", form aldehyde (gasoline and diesel) 0.8 mg/rn ", and nitrogen dioxide (diesel) 1.2 mg/m'. The highest observed concentr ation of benzo(a)pyrene was 30 ng/m ' from gasoline and diesel exhau st. In an experimen tal study volunteers were exposed to diesel exhaust diluted with air to achieve a nitrogen dioxide concentration of 3.8 mg/m '. Pulmonary function was affected during a workday of occupational exposure to engine emissions, but it normalized after a few days with no exposure. The impa irment of pulmonary fu nction was judged to have no appreciable, adverse, short-term impact on individual work capacity. In the experimental exposure study, no effect on pulmonary function was observed. Analy ses of urinary mutagenicity and thioether excretion showed no sign of exposure to genotoxic compound s among the occupationall y exposed workers or among the subjects in the experimental st udy.

Epidemiologic evidence for asthma and exposure to air toxics: linkages between occupational, indoor, and community air pollution research.

“…However, in an earlier study there were no differences in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms between tunnel and turnpike workers, although both may have been highly exposed (65). A small study of 89 workers on roll-on roll-off ships, car ferries, and a bus garage showed significant FEV 1 and FVC decrements during workdays after several days with no exposure (66).…”

Effects of blasting fumes on exposure and short-term lung function changes in tunnel construction workers

“…Respiratory disease has been diagnosed for tunnel workers, but it is not clear which exposures cause the effects (6). Several agents could be implicated (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2008-0241-3113, evaluation of chemical and particle exposures during vehicle fire suppression training, Miami Township Fire and Rescue, Yellow Springs, Ohio.

“…The motor pump operator was exposed to toluene and formaldehyde at concentrations below OELs. The source of these compounds could have been emissions from the vehicle fires or diesel exhaust from the fire apparatus [Ulfvarson et al 1987;Smith et al 2004;Mabilia et al 2006]. For the other fire fighters, the PBZ concentrations we reported represent potential inhalation exposures due to the added protection of the SCBAs they wore.…”