Effects of Exposure to Lead and Cadmium on Health of Inhabitants of Abandoned Metal Mine Area in Korea

Moon, Ju Young; Eom, Sang‐Yong; Seo, Jang‐Kyun; Lee, Jung-Eum; Choi, Byung-Sun; Kim, Heon; Hong, Young-Seoub; Chang, Jun Young; Jeon, Man-Joong; Park, Won-Ju; Sakong, Joon; Park, Jung-Duck

doi:10.1007/s00244-021-00813-7

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In a study on residents of 38 abandoned metal mine areas in South Korea between 2008 and 2011 19 , the blood Pb level was 2.87 μg/dL, which is higher than the concentrations of both the general population group as well as the LEAMM (2.66 μg/dL) and HEAMM (1.77 μg/dL) areas of this study. In a study on residents of abandoned metal mine areas from 2013 to 2017 20 , the blood Pb concentration was 2.27 μg/dL; although this is lower than the result of the survey conducted from 2008 to 2011, it is, nonetheless, comparatively high. The blood Pb in the LEAMM area was higher than that reported by Moon et al 20 , but the concentration in the HEAMM area was lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…In a study on residents of abandoned metal mine areas from 2013 to 2017 20 , the blood Pb concentration was 2.27 μg/dL; although this is lower than the result of the survey conducted from 2008 to 2011, it is, nonetheless, comparatively high. The blood Pb in the LEAMM area was higher than that reported by Moon et al 20 , but the concentration in the HEAMM area was lower. This suggests that Pb contamination is higher in the LEAMM area than in the HEAMM area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas

Kwon

Lee

Surenbaatar

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Abandoned metal mines and refineries are considered environmentally vulnerable areas owing to high levels of exposure to heavy metals. This study examined the association between heavy metal exposure and renal function indicators. We studied a total of 298 participants, of which 74 and 68 resided in low- and high-exposure abandoned metal mine areas, respectively, with 121 in the refinery area and 35 in the control area. Blood and urine samples were collected from the participants to analyze the levels of blood lead, cadmium, and creatinine and urinary cadmium, NAG, and β2-MG. The estimated glomerular filtration rate, which is calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation, was used for assessments. The study participants comprised more females than males, and their mean age was 70.3 years. The blood lead and cadmium as well as urinary cadmium levels were 2.12 μg/dL, 1.89 μg/L, and 2.11 μg/L, respectively, in the heavy metal-exposure areas, and 1.18 μg/dL, 0.89 μg/L, and 1.11 μg/L, respectively, in the control area. The odds ratio (OR) for exceeding the reference value showed that blood cadmium in the refinery area was 38 times higher than that in the control area. Urinary cadmium was seven times higher in the low-exposure abandoned metal mine area than in the control area. NAG showed a positive correlation with urinary cadmium in all areas. In the refinery area, correlations were observed between β2-MG and urinary cadmium levels and the eGFR and blood cadmium level; in the high-exposure abandoned metal mine area, correlations were observed between NAG, β2-MG, and the eGFR and blood cadmium. In this study, the association between Cd exposure and some renal function indicators was observed. This study’s findings and the obtained biological samples can serve as a basis for future molecular biological research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas

Kwon

Lee

Surenbaatar

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Particulate matter of 10 μm or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM 10 ) and particulate matter of 2.5 μm or less (PM 2.5 ) (which is a fraction included in PM 10 roughly 50–80%) are used as the main indicators of air pollution. Particulate matter composition is highly variable according to specific primary and secondary polluting molecules present in the inhalable air, which, in general, are geo-referred (Moon et al 2021 ; Perrino et al 2020 ). It is to highlight that PM constituents include trace metals, which often are heavy metals (Perrino et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring of urinary metals in athletes according to particulate matter air pollution before and after exercise

Cauci

Tavano

Curcio

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Exposure to air pollution during physical exercise is a health issue because fine particulate matter (dimension < 10 μm; PM 10 ) includes several inhalable toxic metals. Body metal changes in athletes according to air pollution are poorly known. Urinary concentrations of 15 metals: beryllium (Be 9 ), aluminum (Al 27 ), vanadium (V 51 ), chromium (Cr 51 + Cr 52 ), manganese (Mn 55 ), cobalt (Co 59 ), nickel (Ni 61 ), copper (Cu 63 ), zinc (Zn 61 ), arsenic (As 75 ), selenium (Se 82 ), cadmium (Cd 111 + Cd 112 ), thallium (Tl 125 ), lead (Pb 207 ), and uranium (U 238 ) were measured before and after ten 2-h training sessions in 8 non-professional Italian American-football players (18–28 years old, body mass index 24.2–33.6 kg/m 2 ). Collectively, post-training sessions, urinary concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl, and Zn were higher than pre-training sessions; Al, Be, Cr, and U did not change; conversely, V decreased. Subdividing training sessions according to air PM 10 levels: low (< 20 μg/m 3 ), medium (20–40 μg/m 3 ), and high (> 40 μg/m 3 ), pre-session and post-session urinary concentrations of Be, Cd, Cu, and Tl were significantly higher ( p < 0.05) in more polluted days, whereas V concentrations were lower ( p < 0.001). All the remaining metals were unaffected. We first showed that PM 10 levels modulate urinary excretion of some toxic metals suggesting an effect of air pollution. The effects of toxic metals inhaled by athletes exercising in polluted air need further studies.

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“…Pollution affects human health, particularly reproductive health [ 29 , 30 ]. Heavy metals are considered to be critical pollutants, i.e., cadmium and arsenic, of exposure sources, resorption pathways, and organ damage, have attracted scientific attention for decades [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. In the previous relevant study of lead for example, a quantitative samples addressing the pathways, bare soil to Pb hazards and even site investigation of individuals home environment, should be identified carefully [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking of Environmental Health Risks: A Systematic Approach of Physical—Social Health Vulnerability Assessment on Heavy-Metal Exposure through Soil and Vegetables

Yang

Song

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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In the field of environmental health risk assessment and management research, heavy metals in soil are a constant focus, largely because of mining and metallurgical activities, and other manufacturing or producing. However, systematic vulnerability, and combined research of social and physical vulnerability of the crowd, have received less attention in the research literature of environmental health risk assessment. For this reason, tentative design modelling for comprehensive environmental health vulnerability, which includes the index of physical and social vulnerability, was conducted here. On the basis of experimental data of heavy-metal pollution in soil and vegetables, and population and societal survey data in Daye, China, the physical, social, and comprehensive environmental health vulnerabilities of the area were analyzed, with each village as an evaluation unit. First, the polluted and reference areas were selected. Random sampling sites were distributed in the farmland of the villages in these two areas, with two sampling sites per village. Then, 204 vegetable samples were directly collected from the farmland from which the soil samples had been collected, composed of seven kinds of vegetables: cowpea, water spinach, amaranth, sweet potato leaves, tomato, eggplant, and pepper. Moreover, 400 questionnaires were given to the local residents in these corresponding villages, and 389 valid responses were obtained. The results indicated that (1) the average physical vulnerability values of the population in the polluted and reference areas were 3.99 and 1.00, respectively; (2) the village of Weiwang (WW) had the highest physical vulnerability of 8.55; (3) vegetable intake is exposure that should be paid more attention, as it contributes more than 90% to physical vulnerability among the exposure pathways; (4) arsenic and cadmium should be the priority pollutants, with average physical vulnerability value contributions of 63.9% and 17.0%, respectively; (5) according to the social vulnerability assessment, the village of Luoqiao (LQ) had the highest social vulnerability (0.77); (6) for comprehensive environmental health vulnerability, five villages near mining activities and two villages far from mine-affected area had high physical and social vulnerability, and are the urgent areas for environmental risk management. In order to promote environmental risk management, it is necessary to prioritize identifying vulnerable populations in the village-scale dimension as an innovative discovery.

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Effects of Exposure to Lead and Cadmium on Health of Inhabitants of Abandoned Metal Mine Area in Korea

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas

Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas

Biomonitoring of urinary metals in athletes according to particulate matter air pollution before and after exercise

Rethinking of Environmental Health Risks: A Systematic Approach of Physical—Social Health Vulnerability Assessment on Heavy-Metal Exposure through Soil and Vegetables

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